Reproductive Timing of the Telescope Shiner, Notropis telescopus, in Alabama, USA

Holmes, Brittany; Whittington, Lindsay; Marino, Loren; Adrian, Andrew B.; Stallsmith, Bruce

doi:10.1674/0003-0031-163.2.326

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Sexual dimorphism is common in minnows, including many members of the genus Notropis. This includes differences in coloration (Harrington, 1947), tuberculation (Snelson, 1968) and sexual size differences (Holder & Powers, 2010;Holmes et al, 2010;Jolly & Powers, 2008;Stallsmith et al, 2007). It is possible that the greater divergence in the shape observed in the breeding males and the isolation of the lineages could lead to reproductive isolation and speciation within the group.…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological diversity within the Ozark minnow (Notropis nubilus: Leuciscidae)

Berendzen

Holmes

Abels

et al. 2021

Journal of Fish Biology

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The Ozark minnow, Notropis nubilus, is a small stream fish that has a disjunct distribution in the Ozark Plateau and upper Mississippi River basin. Three reciprocally monophyletic and deeply divergent lineages have been hypothesized within the species based on molecular data. These lineages are allopatric and isolated from each other.The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that these lineages and the disjunct population in the upper Mississippi River basin are morphologically distinct.Meristic and geometric morphometric data were used to identify and quantify morphological diversity within the Ozark minnow. Analyses of the meristic data and a principal component analysis of the morphometric data were unable to find any noticeable differences in morphology among groups. However, canonical variates analyses of the morphometric data and linear models were able to define statistically significant differences in shape. Analyses of all-individuals were able to identify shape differences between all groups. Males-only analyses were less conclusive, but there was some indication that males may be diverging more quickly than all-individuals.The detection of subtle variation in shape implies selection is not a strong factor in morphological divergence and observed differences are most likely due to morphological drift. This indicates that the lineages within the Ozark minnow are likely on the trajectory for speciation. The allopatric nature of these clades makes the Ozark minnow an interesting model for the study of morphological drift and speciation.

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Section: Sexual Dimorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological diversity within the Ozark minnow (Notropis nubilus: Leuciscidae)

Berendzen

Holmes

Abels

et al. 2021

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…We determined fecundity for all individuals from all sites for the spring and summer seasons by teasing apart ovaries to provide a single ova layer for enumeration into each of the ova phase classes. This step was repeated until all ova were counted (Holmes et al 2010;Stallsmith et al 2015).…”

Section: Female Reproductive Condition and Fecundity Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(see also:Phillips et al 2007;Holmes et al 2010;Stallsmith et al 2015). Latent (LA) or phase 0 ooyctes are non-spherical, small, translucent, clear to opaque or white ooyctes and generally < 0.2 mm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Natural Resource Injury

Sparks¹

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Fish, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Natural Resource Injury Daniel W. Sparks The Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) program is authorized by the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the Oil Pollution Act (OPA) to pursue compensation for injury to, or destruction and loss of, natural resources. Fish are an important "natural resource" present in almost all aquatic ecosystems. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a hazardous substance and have been shown to cause harm to fish (and fish-eating animals). A series of investigations were conducted to determine if "injury" had occurred to creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) and in one study, the fish community that creek chubs were a part of, at several PCB-contaminated study locations. We examined: hepatic condition and oxidative stress enzymes; a comprehensive look at reproductive condition; age and growth; and several metrics of fish community structure and function. Although the determination of hepatic oxidative stress is a response to PCBs, this in and of itself is not considered injury. However, it is a good biomarker of potential injury especially in the presence of other injuries, like reproductive failure. Consistent with the PCB toxicity literature, we consider hepatomegaly and lipidosis injuries that result from PCB exposure. Given that other common factors can also cause lipidosis, this is not an effective injury assessment tool. The age and growth analysis shows significantly reduced survivorship in females at the PCB sites; this is clearly an injury. Aspects of creek chub reproduction have also been adversely impacted: reduced vitellogenin (Vtg), altered sex steroid ratios, reduced fecundity, delayed/ impaired spawning of ova, and reduced / impaired testes maturation. Although not an injury per se, the reduced and seasonally altered pattern of the male secondary sex characteristic nuptial tubercles provides another line of evidence that neuroendocrine disruption is occurring at the PCB-contaminated stream sites. An assessment of the fish community at these PCB-contaminated streams also indicated that growth and survival were issues for the entire fish community. From Frye's standard of evidence [Frye v. United States, 293 F.1013 (D.C. Cir. 1923)], much of this work would have been extremely useful to trustees in court. What we found would be "generally acceptable" in our professional sphere. But scientists and lawyers look at facts differently: same language, same word, different meaning. The science of reproduction impacts is very complicated, and some aspects (i.e. neuroendocrine disruption) while clearly injury, are too complicated to prevail in the courtroom. The impacts to reproduction, including reduced vitellogenin (Vtg), reduced fecundity and delayed/ impaired spawning of ova have significant ecosystem consequences. Growth effects that follow a non-monotonic non-standard dose response curve would do poorly in court. While reduced survivorship should easily be translated to the injury known...

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