Reproductive Tract Infections: Challenges for International Health Policy, Programs, and Research

Wasserheit, Judith N.; Holmes, King K.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0691-5_2

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The results of the study indicated that women who had prolapse were more likely to have vaginitis. Cervical prolapse compromises the integrity of the vaginal wall and interrupts the delicate equilibrium of the vaginal ecosystem, increasing the potential for the development of infection (11). Over half of the study women had some degree of genital prolapse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Tract Disorders among Afghan Refugee Women Attending Health Clinics in Haripur, Pakistan

Balsara

Marsh

et al. 2010

J Health Popul Nutr

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Afghans comprise one of the largest groups of refugees in the world, with the majority living in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to identify commonly-occurring reproductive tract infections (RTIs), describe knowledge of women about RTIs, and assess physical and behavioural factors contributing to the development of RTIs. Afghan women presenting at Basic Health Units in refugee camps in Haripur, Pakistan, with reproductive health-related complaints, were included in the study (n=634). Data collection included implementation of an interviewer-administered questionnaire, along with a physical examination and laboratory tests. A descriptive analysis was conducted first. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed using predetermined themes. Chi-square test was used for determining the possible relationships between a binary outcome and categorical risk factors. Over three-fourths (76.7%) of those who reported to the health clinics with reproductive complaints had an RTI. Nearly half (49.5%) of these women were diagnosed with some form of vaginitis, and 14.7% were diagnosed with clinical suspicion of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Women with cervical prolapse (p=0.033) or who cleansed after intercourse (p=0.002) were more likely to have vaginitis. There was a significant difference (p=0.017) in the prevalence of suspected PID among women who used mud only (11.1%), any water (18.8%), and an old cloth or toilet paper (9.8%) for cleansing after defaecation. Specific physical and behavioural contributors to the high prevalence of RTIs in this population were identified, and recommendations to ameliorate these factors are offered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Tract Disorders among Afghan Refugee Women Attending Health Clinics in Haripur, Pakistan

Balsara

Marsh

et al. 2010

J Health Popul Nutr

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“…So I avoided these things in my diet, and I found out that the white discharge was less." (AS0124) and to the fact that it was presumed to be an indicator of RTIs and sexual risk behaviors in the context of growing concerns regarding the spread of HIV [26]. Thus, the high frequency of the complaint alarmed public health policy makers who, due to the difficulty of diagnosing infections in routine care settings, advocated the syndromic approach for managing the complaint with presumptive treatment for infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological and social contexts of complaints of abnormal vaginal discharge: A study of illness narratives in India

Patel

Andrew

Pelto

2008

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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“…Yukolsiri Surasrang, formerly with the Population Council Bangkok of®ce and Mala Baig-Amin also provided valuable assistance during the course of this project. Reproductive tract infections associated with medical proceduresÐsuch as abortion, menstrual regulation, or intrauterine device insertionÐare referred to as iatrogenic infections (Wasserheit and Holmes 1992). 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of morbidity related to reproductive tract infection among women in two rural communities of Ninh Binh Province, Viet Nam

Binh¹,

Gardner²,

Elias³

2002

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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This paper presents the ®ndings of a qualitative study of women's perceptions of reproductive tract infection in two communes in northern Viet Nam. The objective of the study was to gain information concerning women's perceptions of reproductive tract infection and their associated symptoms and help seeking behaviours. Focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, free listings and pile sortings were conducted with approximately 230 women. Although infections are perceived to be common and to cause much discomfort, there is little consistency in the reporting of symptoms, causes and consequences of infection. Perceived causes are predominantly associated with dampness and exposure to dirty water, although there is also a perceived association with medical procedures such as IUD insertion and abortion. Little attention is paid to the risk of sexual transmission. Treatment is generally with guava liquid and`hygienic washes' at home, with women only consulting a health care provider if symptoms persist or worsen. The ®ndings highlight the need for further training of providers to understand better the perceptions of women; the expansion of information activities, particularly to include accurate information on reproductive physiology, the causes of infection and the possibility of sexual transmission; and strengthening the quality of IUD and abortion services.

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Reproductive Tract Infections: Challenges for International Health Policy, Programs, and Research

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Reproductive Tract Disorders among Afghan Refugee Women Attending Health Clinics in Haripur, Pakistan

Reproductive Tract Disorders among Afghan Refugee Women Attending Health Clinics in Haripur, Pakistan

The psychological and social contexts of complaints of abnormal vaginal discharge: A study of illness narratives in India

Perceptions of morbidity related to reproductive tract infection among women in two rural communities of Ninh Binh Province, Viet Nam

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