Reproductive traits of<i>Lachnanthes caroliniana</i>(Lam.) Dandy related to patch formation following feral swine rooting disturbance<sup>1</sup>

Boughton, Elizabeth H.; Boughton, Raoul K.; Griffith, Callie; Bernath-Plaisted, Jacy

doi:10.3159/torrey-d-15-00064.1

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“… Lachnanthes caroliniana is commonly considered a widespread weed in blueberry and cranberry crops ( Meggitt and Aldrich 1959 ; Robertson 1976 ; Meyers et al 2013 ), pastures ( Ferrell et al 2009 ) and to form extensive clonal populations followed by feral swine rooting disturbance ( Boughton et al 2016 ). Nonetheless, L. caroliniana is an important nectar source for many insects (Hopper, pers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales)

Pellegrini¹,

Hickman²,

Guttiérrez³

et al. 2020

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Based on extensive herbarium, field, botanical illustration, and molecular phylogenetic research, five genera and eight species are recognised for the Neotropical Haemodoraceae. New taxa include Cubanicula Hopper et al., Xiphidium pontederiiflorum M.Pell. et al. and Schiekia timida M.Pell. et al. Two new combinations are made, Cubanicula xanthorrhiza (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Hopper et al. and Schiekia silvestris (Maas & Stoel) Hopper et al. We also correct the author citation for Xiphidium, provide the necessary typifications for several names and present an updated identification key, comments, and photo plates for all species. Finally, we provide high-quality illustrations for most of the recognised species and their diagnostic characters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and a pollen source for bees and certain flies. It is viewed as an important “bridge species” supporting flower visitors in summer until fall (autumn) daisies begin to bloom ( Boughton et al 2016 ). Its seeds also constitute an important food source for sandhill cranes ( Valentine and Noble 1970 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales)

Pellegrini¹,

Hickman²,

Guttiérrez³

et al. 2020

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“…disease (Oudemans et al 2008) as well as other "stand opening" conditions of natural and anthropic origin that damage the cranberry canopy. Lachnanthes caroliniana can rapidly colonize open patches because of its rhizome sprouting capacity and abundant seed production, with 2,500 seeds produced on average per inflorescence, despite a germination rate not exceeding 0.5% (Boughton et al 2016). Previous ecological studies indicate that this species can replace native grass species in Florida because of soil disturbance caused by feral swine (Sus scrofa L.) feeding on L. caroliniana rhizomes (Bankovich et al 2016;Boughton and Boughton 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carolina redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) vegetative growth and rhizome production as affected by environmental factors and planting depth

Besançon

2019

Weed Sci

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Carolina redroot [Lachnanthes caroliniana (Lam.) Dandy] is a frequent weed of New Jersey cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) bogs that competes with the crop for nutritional resources. Studies were conducted in 2018 to determine the effects of planting depth, soil moisture, lighting conditions, rhizome water content, and duration of rhizome submersion under water on L. caroliniana shoot emergence, vegetative growth, and rhizome development. Only planting depth greater than 12 cm significantly reduced shoot emergence (54%), biomass shoot and root production (27% and 65%, respectively), and rhizome formation (65%) compared with a 2-cm depth. Complete inhibition of new rhizome production was observed when the rhizome water content dropped to 30%. Soil moisture ≤30% decreased shoot biomass by ≥53% compared to 60% soil moisture, but marginally affected root biomass and had no impact on rhizome formation. Rhizome submersion for at least 120 d had minor effect on shoot emergence but reduced plant biomass by ≥28% and completely inhibited the formation of rhizomes. Finally, shading did not influence emergence but had a more dramatic effect on root and shoot biomass, which were reduced by 53% and 75%, respectively, and prevented the development of new rhizomes. This study demonstrates the plasticity of L. caroliniana to drought stress or long-lasting flooding conditions, therefore preventing consideration of cranberry bed temporary flooding or limitation of irrigation volume and frequency as viable management options. Sanding would not provide a layer of material sufficiently thick for reducing L. caroliniana shoot emergence. Reducing the quantity of light reaching the soil with black tarps or promoting rapid crop canopy closure are options that can complement the use of mesotrione for controlling L. caroliniana. Future research should address the practicality of these options, especially in bogs with low L. caroliniana pressure when early-summer weed regrowth occurs following dissipation of PRE herbicide activity.

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“…In New Jersey, it is particularly abundant in cranberry beds, where it can rapidly form monoculture patches because of its rhizome capacity to generate new shoots. Previous work has demonstrated that Carolina redroot seed germination rate was no higher than 0.5% and that seed longevity was no longer than 130 d, suggesting that rhizome sprouting is the main propagation mechanism for this species (Boughton et al 2016). Carolina redroot spread has been linked to the development of fairy ring (Thanatophytum sp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carolina Redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) in Cranberry: Assessment of Shoot and Rhizome Control with POST Herbicides

Besançon

2019

Weed Technol

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Carolina redroot is a common weed of New Jersey cranberry beds that competes with crops for nutritional resources but also serves as a food source for waterfowl. Greenhouse studies were conducted in 2017 in Chatsworth, NJ, to determine control of Carolina redroot aboveground vegetation and rhizome production with 10 herbicide active ingredients. Herbicides were applied as a single application on 10- to 15-cm-tall plants. Diquat at 560 g ai ha−1and mesotrione at 280 or 560 g ai ha−1controlled more than 90% of emerged shoots at 63 d after treatment (DAT). Aboveground vegetation control at 63 DAT reached 87% with 2,4-D and flumioxazin but was limited with glyphosate, not exceeding 40%. Mesotrione at 560 g ai ha−1provided 98% control of roots and rhizomes (root/rhizome) at 63 DAT, a 10% increase compared with 280 g ai ha−1; and 2,4-D (90%), glyphosate (87%), diquat (86%), and flumioxazin (85%) also showed excellent root/rhizome control. The greatest reduction of plant biomass compared with the nontreated check (UNT) was noted with 2,4-D, mesotrione at 280 g ai ha−1and 560 g ai ha−1, and diquat, with decreases from 73% to 80% for shoots and from 82% to 88% for roots/rhizomes. Glyphosate had less impact on shoot biomass reduction (−56%) but similar effect on root/rhizome dry weight (−79%) compared with 2,4-D, mesotrione, and diquat. Flumioxazin and fomesafen significantly reduced root/rhizome biomass by 78% and 72%, respectively. Concurrently, 2,4-D, flumioxazin, fomesafen, and diquat reduced the number of secondary shoots 70% to 90% compared with the UNT, whereas glyphosate and mesotrione completely inhibited emergence of new shoots. These data suggest that mesotrione applied POST provides excellent control of Carolina redroot. Future research should evaluate field applications of mesotrione in early summer when Carolina redroot regrowth occurs following the dissipation of PRE herbicide activity.

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Reproductive traits ofLachnanthes caroliniana(Lam.) Dandy related to patch formation following feral swine rooting disturbance¹

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales)

Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales)

Carolina redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) vegetative growth and rhizome production as affected by environmental factors and planting depth

Carolina Redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) in Cranberry: Assessment of Shoot and Rhizome Control with POST Herbicides

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Reproductive traits ofLachnanthes caroliniana(Lam.) Dandy related to patch formation following feral swine rooting disturbance1

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales)

Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales)

Carolina redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) vegetative growth and rhizome production as affected by environmental factors and planting depth

Carolina Redroot (Lachnanthes caroliniana) in Cranberry: Assessment of Shoot and Rhizome Control with POST Herbicides

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Reproductive traits ofLachnanthes caroliniana(Lam.) Dandy related to patch formation following feral swine rooting disturbance¹