2022
DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110364
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Repurposing HIV Protease Inhibitors Atazanavir and Darunavir as Antifungal Treatments against Candida albicans Infections: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Abstract: Candida albicans is the chief etiological agent of candidiasis, a mycosis prevalent in individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In recent years, the introduction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (HIV-PI) has reduced the prevalence of candidiasis in these patients. Seeking new therapeutic strategies based on the perspective of drug repositioning, we evaluated the effects of two second-generation HIV-PIs, atazanavir (ATV) and darunavir (DRV), on virulence factors of C.… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
1
1
1

Citation Types

0
6
0

Year Published

2023
2023
2024
2024

Publication Types

Select...
4
1

Relationship

0
5

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 6 publications
(6 citation statements)
references
References 48 publications
0
6
0
Order By: Relevance
“…On the other hand, it has been reported that HIV protease inhibitors have been shown to reduce C. albicans cell adherence by inhibiting yeast-secreted aspartic proteases 102 , 103 . The incidence of candidiasis in HIV-infected patients has been proven to be significantly reduced 104 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, it has been reported that HIV protease inhibitors have been shown to reduce C. albicans cell adherence by inhibiting yeast-secreted aspartic proteases 102 , 103 . The incidence of candidiasis in HIV-infected patients has been proven to be significantly reduced 104 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast to lopinavir, which did not increase host survival on its own, atazanavir and darunavir enhanced the survival of C . albicans -infected Galleria mellonella [ 38 , 39 ]. Combining atazanavir with itraconazole also restored azole susceptibility in C .…”
Section: Repurposed Drugsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Atazanavir and darunavir, 2 drugs from the same class, also showed antifungal activity against C. albicans, and inhibited filamentation and the expression of SAP2 and BCR1, genes involved in virulence and biofilm formation, respectively [39]. In contrast to lopinavir, which did not increase host survival on its own, atazanavir and darunavir enhanced the survival of C. albicans-infected Galleria mellonella [38,39]. Combining atazanavir with itraconazole also restored azole susceptibility in C. auris [40].…”
Section: Repurposed Drugsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This study demonstrated that DRV had antifungal activity, inducing a decrease in virulence-related gene expression, thus protecting a larval model from death via this disease. This was achieved with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 512 µg/mL, which is a high value and suggests that DRV can be used as an adjuvant for the treatment of this disease [53]. Another often opportunistic infection often associated with AIDS is cryptococcosis, caused by the Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii fungi, which causes high mortality in lowto-middle-income countries due to its entry into the central nervous system [54,55].…”
Section: Repurposing For Other Pathogensmentioning
confidence: 99%