Repurposing Old Antibodies for New Diseases by Exploiting Cross-Reactivity and Multicolored Nanoparticles

Rodriguez-Quijada, Cristina; Gómez-Márquez, José; Hamad‐Schifferli, Kimberly

doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b09049

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Immunochromatographic assays (ICAs) are the workhorses of point-of-care testing (POCT) for monitoring of analytes, such as viruses, cancer biomarkers, bacteria, , and mytoxins, at low concentrations, particularly playing a significant role in the COVID-19 pandemic . The analytical power of such techniques benefits from the strong bioactivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that can recognize targets and the aggregation-induced optical signals of nanomaterials (NMs) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Diverse Dyes-Embedded Staphylococcus aureus as Potential Biocarriers for Enhancing Sensitivity in Biosensing

Zhao

Bai

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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Nanomaterials-based immunochromatographic assays (ICAs) have gained great commercial success in real-life point-of-care testing (POCT). Exploring novel carriers of ICAs with improved signaling and sustained activity favors the development of sensitive POCT. Herein a potent signal biotag, colored Staphylococcus aureus (SA), was created for ICA carriers through a mild self-assembly strategy, providing high luminance and abundant specific binding sites for immobilization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The biocompatible SA-dyes (SADs) retained both an intact surface structure for mAbs labeling (Fc portion) and the superior bioactivity of immobilized mAbs (affinity constant was about 109 M–1), thus waiving the intrinsic limitations of traditional nanomaterials and endowing high sensitivity. Proof-of-concept was demonstrated by employing Congo red- or/and fluorescein isothiocyanate-embedded SA (SACR, SAFITC, and SACR–SAFITC) as ICA carriers to detect zearalenone (ZEN) through colorimetric or/and fluorimetric signals. Furthermore, the ICAs satisfied the clinical requirement perfectly, including limit of detection (0.013 ng/mL, which was at least an 85-fold improvement over that of traditional gold nanoparticles-based ICA), linearity (R 2 > 0.98), reproducibility (RSD < 8%), selectivity, and stability. Importantly, the proposed biosensors could be well-applied in four real samples for ZEN monitoring with satisfactory recoveries, correlating well with the results from liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This work also proved a universal design for tailoring coloration bands for SAD–ICA detection of multiple analytes.

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confidence: 99%

Diverse Dyes-Embedded Staphylococcus aureus as Potential Biocarriers for Enhancing Sensitivity in Biosensing

Zhao

Bai

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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“…We then investigated how the test could be used as a multiplexed assay to differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 antigens with a similar structure and other coronavirus species, building on the ability to strategically use cross-reactive antibodies to differentiate between different antigens. 21 We first studied the relevance of both binding events on sandwich formation and antigen detection. The signal of combinations of all three antigens (SARS, COVID 1, and HKU1), immunoprobes (NP-αC1, NP-αC2, and NP-αH), and printed antibodies (αS1, αC1, and αH) was measured (total of 27 combinations, Figure S9a ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choice of both antibodies is primary during test design, where antibody pairs (on the immunoprobe/printed on the paper) with varying affinity and selectivity for a target can be used to detect a wider variety of antigens and develop a binding pattern. 21 In this initial study, we screened the pairing of an antibody with itself, i.e., NP-αS1 run with immobilized αS1 (NP-αS1/αS1), NP-αC1 with αC1 (NP-αC1/αC1), NP-αC2 with αC1 (NP-αC2/ αC1), and NP-αH with αH (NP-αH/αH). αC2, a monoclonal antibody, did not form a sandwich with itself.…”

Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sandwich formation relies on two reactions, immunoprobe-antigen and printed antibody-antigen binding. The choice of both antibodies is primary during test design, where antibody pairs (on the immunoprobe/printed on the paper) with varying affinity and selectivity for a target can be used to detect a wider variety of antigens and develop a binding pattern . In this initial study, we screened the pairing of an antibody with itself, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing a Paper-Based Antigen Assay to Differentiate between Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants

et al. 2021

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COVID-19 first appeared in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, it has become a global pandemic. A robust and scalable diagnostics strategy is crucial for containing and monitoring the pandemic. RT-PCR is a known, reliable method for COVID-19 diagnostics, which can differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. However, PCR is location-dependent, time-consuming, and relatively expensive. Thus, there is a need for a more flexible method, which may be produced in an off-the-shelf format and distributed more widely. Paper-based immunoassays can fulfill this function. Here, we present the first steps toward a paper-based test, which can differentiate between different spike proteins of various coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and CoV-HKU1, with negligible cross-reactivity for HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in a single assay, which takes less than 30 min. Furthermore, our test can distinguish between fractions of the same spike protein. This is done by an altered assay design with four test line locations where each antigen builds a unique, identifiable binding pattern. The effect of several factors, such as running media, immunoprobe concentration, and antigen interference, is considered. We find that running media has a significant effect on the final binding pattern where human saliva provides results while human serum leads to the lowest signal quality.

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Ultrasensitive Plasmonic Immunosensor Based on Hierarchically Porous Metal–Organic Framework‐Engineered Enzyme Catalysts

Yan

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Investigations on the utilization efficiency and bioactivity of the enzyme nanocarriers are critical for realizing sensitive biosensors. Herein, hierarchically porous enzyme@peptide‐directed metal–organic frameworks (enzyme@MOFs‐P) nanoarchitectures are constructed by implemented site‐selective epitaxial growth to create mesopore and defect structures. The expanded size of the pores provides suitable space for homogeneously accommodating enzymes and enhances interfacial contact with enzymes, as well as reducing steric hindrance of target recognition to boost the mass transfer process. Harnessing the enzyme‐mediated surface etching of gold nanostars, a robust enzyme@MOFs‐P‐based plasmonic immunosensor is constructed for the sensitive detection of imidacloprid pesticide. In conjunction with using a smartphone‐based homemade device and image‐processing algorithm, quantitative detection of imidacloprid is achieved with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.02 ng mL−1, which shows ≈1000‐fold improvement in sensitivity compared with that of a typical immunoassay. This work gives valuable insight into engineering size‐tunable nanostructures and the structure‐activity relationship of MOFs, guiding the construction of plasmonic biosensors for on‐site application.

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Repurposing Old Antibodies for New Diseases by Exploiting Cross-Reactivity and Multicolored Nanoparticles

Cited by 25 publications

References 46 publications

Diverse Dyes-Embedded Staphylococcus aureus as Potential Biocarriers for Enhancing Sensitivity in Biosensing

Diverse Dyes-Embedded Staphylococcus aureus as Potential Biocarriers for Enhancing Sensitivity in Biosensing

Developing a Paper-Based Antigen Assay to Differentiate between Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants

Ultrasensitive Plasmonic Immunosensor Based on Hierarchically Porous Metal–Organic Framework‐Engineered Enzyme Catalysts

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