“…On the other hand, strategy persistence [46] and second-order evaluation of reputation [47] improve the level of cooperation in the SDG. Furthermore, relevant mechanisms under the PGG have been established to counteract temptation to defect and promote cooperation, such as reputation inference [48], heterogeneous investment [49], probabilistic punishment [50], historical donations [51], and payoff transfers [52], etc. In particular, Perc et al summarize the research on cooperative dilemmas under the mechanism of reputation and reciprocity [53], and study the emergence of cooperative behaviors under reputational preferences [54], moral mechanisms [55] and second-order reputational evaluations [43], which provides a good guideline for our work.…”