Requirement of BMP-2-induced Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Akt Serine/Threonine Kinase in Osteoblast Differentiation and Smad-dependent BMP-2 Gene Transcription

B7-DC/PD-L2 Cross-Linking Induces NF-κB-Dependent Protection of Dendritic Cells from Cell Death

“…Phosphorylation of AKT is known to lead to NF-B activation in multiple model systems featuring increased cell survival (23,24). Moreover, NF-B has been shown to be an important transcription factor in preventing cell death (25).…”

Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Regulates Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2)-induced Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A-dependent Transcription of BMP-2 Gene in Cardiomyocyte Precursor Cells

“…Immunofluorescence-Immunofluorescence detection of sarcomeric MHC was performed essentially as described previously (17). Briefly, treated cells in eight-well chamber slides were fixed in cold methanol for 15 min followed by blocking with donkey IgG for 15 min.…”

“…Transfection and Luciferase Assay-The BMP-2-LUC reporter plasmid, in which the firefly luciferase gene is driven by a 2.7-kb 5Ј-flanking sequence of BMP-2 gene, has been described before (17,28,29). BMP-2-LUC reporter plasmid was cotransfected with different expression plasmids using LipofectAMINE Plus reagent as described (20,21,26,30).…”

“…Adenovirus Infection-CL6 cells were infected with a multiplicity of infection of 50 for Ad Myr-p110, essentially as described before (17).…”

A Linear Signal Transduction Pathway Involving Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, Protein Kinase Cϵ, and MAPK in Mesangial Cells Regulates Interferon-γ-induced STAT1α Transcriptional Activation

“…The cells were made quiescent by incubating in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium for 48 h. 293 cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with high glucose and made quiescent by incubating in serumfree medium for 48 h. Adenovirus infection of mesangial cells were done essentially as previously described (27,28).…”