This study analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in land use and its relationship with rice production, using a secondary data analysis method.The results indicate that land conversion can be observed in every village in the Kartasura Subdistrict. The highest land area change occurred in the Pucangan village, at 322,766.3 m 2 , and the lowest in the Kartasura village, at 7,265.2 m 2 . The largest change in the use of irrigated paddy fields for residential purposes was in the Pucangan village, at 278,726.3 m 2 , and the smallest in the Kartasura village, at 1,766.1 m 2 . The average change in the use of irrigated paddy fields for residential purposes from 2012 to 2021 was 95,931.5 m 2 . The study found that land use in the Kartasura Subdistrict changed between 2012 and 2021, with a decrease in irrigated rice fields by 1,348,224.2 m 2 , an increase in residential areas by 1,226,065.9 m 2 , an expansion of industrial buildings by 176,419.7 m 2 , a decrease in built-up land by 25,609.6 m 2 , and a decrease in mixed gardens by 26,339.6 m 2 . The factors driving land conversion include low grain prices, the scarcity of fertilizer subsidies, high land processing and maintenance costs, high land values in the subdistrict, and weak monitoring and supervision by the local government of Sukoharjo. The results also show that the conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land has dramatically reduced rice production in the Kartasura Subdistrict. In 2012, rice production reached 5,570 tons, but by 2021, it had decreased to 1,238 tons.