Research Advances in the Role of the Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase Family in Cancer

Abstract

Poly ADP ribose polymerases (PARPs) catalyze the modification of acceptor proteins, DNA, or RNA with ADP-ribose, which plays an important role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating signaling pathways. The rapid development of PARP1/2 inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian and breast cancers has advanced research on other PARP family members for the treatment of cancer. This paper reviews the role of PARP family members (except PARP1/2 and tankyrases) in cancer and the underlying regulatory mechanisms, which will establish a molecular basis for the clinical application of PARPs in the future.

DNA Methylation Malleability and Dysregulation in Cancer Progression: Understanding the Role of PARP1

“…The majority of PARP inhibitors are intended to challenge a binding site on the PARP1 molecule with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) [180][181][182][183][184][185][186]. This approach led to the identification of NAD-like PARP inhibitors, which target not just PARP but also many other enzymatic pathways that use NAD + and other nucleotides as co-factors [25,[187][188][189].…”

Research Progress on Mono-ADP-Ribosyltransferases in Human Cell Biology

“…PARP14 has been shown to be critical for human multiple myeloma cell survival, and PARP14 levels are strongly linked with cancer progression and poor prognosis ( Cohen and Chang, 2018 ). The expression of PARP family molecules in various cancer types has been discussed in detail and summarized in another review ( Sha et al, 2021 ).…”

“…According to Hottiger et al, cytoplasmic ADP-ribosylation levels and patient prognosis vary according to the type of cancer, indicating a differential expression of ARTs in the cytoplasm, consistent with the findings of several recent studies concerning the PARP family and cancer. In another review, we comprehensively discussed the expression of mono-ARTs in different cancer types and the underlying regulatory mechanisms ( Sha et al, 2021 ).…”