Research advances on the contamination of vegetables by Enterohemorrhagic
            <i>Escherichia coli</i>
            : pathways, processes and interaction

Zhao, Xiaoyan; Sun, Yeting; Ma, Yue; Xu, Yujia; Guan, Hongyang; Wang, Dan

doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2146045

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…The presence of virulence factors facilitating adherence to human and animal cells ( papABCD , papGII , iha , yfcV , kpsm-TII-k5 , fimABCDEFGHI and csgABCDEFG ) ( Sarowska et al., 2019 ) may be relevant. This is particularly true of adhesins CsgA and CsgB, which have been described to be significantly involved in adhesion and colonization in spinach leaves ( Saldaña et al., 2011 ; MacArisin et al., 2012 ), and allow their proliferation on the food surface through the formation of biofilms ( Zhao et al., 2022 ). In addition, previous studies have demonstrated the ability of E. coli strains to reside within the internal cavity of stomata and internal tissues; this internalization protects the bacteria from disinfecting and bactericidal products, thereby increasing their survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain belonging to an emerging, virulent sublineage of ST131 Escherichia coli isolated in fresh spinach, suggesting that ST131 may be transmissible through agricultural products

Balbuena-Alonso,

Camps,

Cortés-Cortés

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Food contamination with pathogenic Escherichia coli can cause severe disease. Here, we report the isolation of a multidrug resistant strain (A23EC) from fresh spinach. A23EC belongs to subclade C2 of ST131, a virulent clone of Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Most A23EC virulence factors are concentrated in three pathogenicity islands. These include PapGII, a fimbrial tip adhesin linked to increased virulence, and CsgA and CsgB, two adhesins known to facilitate spinach leaf colonization. A23EC also bears TnMB1860, a chromosomally-integrated transposon with the demonstrated potential to facilitate the evolution of carbapenem resistance among non-carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales. This transposon consists of two IS26-bound modular translocatable units (TUs). The first TU carries aac(6’)-lb-cr, blaOXA-1, ΔcatB3, aac(3)-lle, and tmrB, and the second one harbors blaCXT-M-15. A23EC also bears a self-transmissible plasmid that can mediate conjugation at 20°C and that has a mosaic IncF [F(31,36):A(4,20):B1] and Col156 origin of replication. Comparing A23EC to 86 additional complete ST131 sequences, A23EC forms a monophyletic cluster with 17 other strains that share the following four genomic traits: (1) virotype E (papGII+); (2) presence of a PAI II536-like pathogenicity island with an additional cnf1 gene; (3) presence of chromosomal TnMB1860; and (4) frequent presence of an F(31,36):A(4,20):B1 plasmid. Sequences belonging to this cluster (which we named “C2b sublineage”) are highly enriched in septicemia samples and their associated genetic markers align with recent reports of an emerging, virulent sublineage of the C2 subclade, suggesting significant pathogenic potential. This is the first report of a ST131 strain belonging to subclade C2 contaminating green leafy vegetables. The detection of this uropathogenic clone in fresh food is alarming. This work suggests that ST131 continues to evolve, gaining selective advantages and new routes of transmission. This highlights the pressing need for rigorous epidemiological surveillance of ExPEC in vegetables with One Health perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain belonging to an emerging, virulent sublineage of ST131 Escherichia coli isolated in fresh spinach, suggesting that ST131 may be transmissible through agricultural products

Balbuena-Alonso,

Camps,

Cortés-Cortés

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Fresh vegetables such as alfalfa, radish sprouts, lettuce, and spinach, in addition to unpasteurized fruit juices and apple cider [53][54][55], have been connected to outbreaks of E. coli O157-related disease in humans. It is thought that these fresh vegetables become contaminated when grown in soil that was exposed to infected animal dung or polluted water [9], while fruit juices and apple ciders become contaminated due to improper manufacturing processes [55].…”

Section: Contaminated Food As a Transmission Vectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Properties of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Specific Bacteriophages: Recent Advances for Food Safety

Oluwarinde,

Ajose,

Abolarinwa

et al. 2023

Foods

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Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is typically detected on food products mainly due to cross-contamination with faecal matter. The serotype O157:H7 has been of major public health concern due to the severity of illness caused, prevalence, and management. In the food chain, the main methods of controlling contamination by foodborne pathogens often involve the application of antimicrobial agents, which are now becoming less efficient. There is a growing need for the development of new approaches to combat these pathogens, especially those that harbour antimicrobial resistant and virulent determinants. Strategies to also limit their presence on food contact surfaces and food matrices are needed to prevent their transmission. Recent studies have revealed that bacteriophages are useful non-antibiotic options for biocontrol of E. coli O157:H7 in both animals and humans. Phage biocontrol can significantly reduce E. coli O157:H7, thereby improving food safety. However, before being certified as potential biocontrol agents, the safety of the phage candidates must be resolved to satisfy regulatory standards, particularly regarding phage resistance, antigenic properties, and toxigenic properties. In this review, we provide a general description of the main virulence elements of E. coli O157:H7 and present detailed reports that support the proposals that phages infecting E. coli O157:H7 are potential biocontrol agents. This paper also outlines the mechanism of E. coli O157:H7 resistance to phages and the safety concerns associated with the use of phages as a biocontrol.

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Research advances on the contamination of vegetables by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli : pathways, processes and interaction

Cited by 2 publications

References 121 publications

Strain belonging to an emerging, virulent sublineage of ST131 Escherichia coli isolated in fresh spinach, suggesting that ST131 may be transmissible through agricultural products

Strain belonging to an emerging, virulent sublineage of ST131 Escherichia coli isolated in fresh spinach, suggesting that ST131 may be transmissible through agricultural products

Safety Properties of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Specific Bacteriophages: Recent Advances for Food Safety

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