Research and Development of a New Grading Software  in Footwear Industry

The last is the basic industrial component in footwear manufacturing, from which product development starts. Correct last grading ensures the best fit for the intended group of users of the footwear model to be produced. The size marked on the last should respect the specific intervals defined in the different international sizing systems, like the European, UK, US or Mondopoint systems, which are all described in international standards. New approaches in the field of CAD/CAM have emerged over recent years towards the automation of this process. However, these are partial approaches that neither address the grading process according to the different standards nor consider the various parts of the shoe that are not affected by size increments. This paper presents a new accurate and efficient technique for the automation of the shoe last grading process based on the conjugate gradient method. Through this method, it is possible to obtain a graded shoe last that conforms to the international standards in force relative to shoe sizing and allows for the shoe parts that are not affected by size increments. This technique is based on the target measures of length and perimeter of the last to be graded, and aims to minimise the quadratic difference between these values and those obtained from the graded last. This method has been evaluated through a battery of tests performed on a geometrically heterogeneous group of shoe lasts. The results obtained were accurate and the execution time was fast enough to be used for mass production.Keywords Footwear manufacturing  Grading  Shoe last  Conjugate gradient  ISO Standards Highlights  This paper presents an accurate and efficient technique for shoe last grading based on the conjugate gradient method.  This paper describes a grading algorithm based on the minimisation of the error obtained from comparing measures between shoe lasts.  This grading technique conforms to ISO standards relative to sizing systems and allows for footwear parts that are not affected by the grading process.  This paper presents a detailed battery of experiments by which the goodness and accuracy of this method were evaluated.

show abstract

Automation of the shoe last grading process according to international sizing systems

Hinojo-Pérez

Davia-Aracil

Jimeno-Morenilla

et al. 2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Mathematical model for footwear upper material consumption estimation

Hasan,

Uddin,

Tamanna

2024

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Research and Development of a New Grading Software in Footwear Industry

Abstract: This paper presents research results on improvement of grading process in the footwear industry, a new grading software which is suitable to manufacturing practices, can reduce deviation and increase productivity in the grading process in comparison with the manual method.

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Automation of the shoe last grading process according to international sizing systems

Automation of the shoe last grading process according to international sizing systems

Mathematical model for footwear upper material consumption estimation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About