Research and Improvement of LEACH Routing Protocol

Zhai, Xue; Yang, Lei

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2296

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…We first evaluate our proposed approach’s performance using the popular Network Simulator (NS) version 2.35 [ 45 ]. Our proposed model is tested by single-hop and multi-hop transmission techniques with the well-known existing clustering routing protocols, i.e., the hybrid advanced distributed and centralized clustering path planning algorithm (HADCC) [ 34 ], threshold distributed energy-efficient clustering (TDEEC) [ 18 ], threshold-sensitive stable election protocol (TSEP) [ 17 ], threshold-sensitive energy-efficient sensor network (TEEN) [ 21 ], low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) [ 19 ], and LEACH-centralized (LEACH-C) [ 20 ].…”

Section: Performance Evaluation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the existing literature, several energy-efficient cluster-based routing protocols have been proposed to prolong the network lifetime. Low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) [ 19 ], one of the pioneer cluster-based routing algorithms, focuses on the association of homogeneous nodes. Due to the random deployment of nodes and probabilistic operations to select CHs, some areas may contain closed CHs that lead to an unbalanced dense in a cluster.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the homogeneous networks die smoothly due to the same energy levels of wireless nodes [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Several efforts have demonstrated that the addition of a few different initial energy nodes (heterogeneous networks) can improve network stability.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a review of the discussed articles [ 19 , 40 ], we observed that there are different parameters used to define the performance of energy-constrained wireless sensor networks. Some related issues that are focused on in our proposed model are: Lifetime of Network: The lifetime of a network can be measured in terms of the ratio between the available alive nodes and total nodes after specific periods.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid Clustering and Routing Algorithm with Threshold-Based Data Collection for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Bilal

Munir

Alarfaj

2022

Sensors

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The concept of the internet of things (IoT) motivates us to connect bulk isolated heterogeneous devices to automate report generation without human interaction. Energy-efficient routing algorithms help to prolong the network lifetime of these energy-restricted smart devices that are connected by means of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Current vendor-level advancements enable algorithm-level flexibility to design protocols to concurrently collect multiple application data while enforcing the reduction of energy expenditure to gain commercial success in the industrial stage. In this paper, we propose a hybrid clustering and routing algorithm with threshold-based data collection for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. In our proposed model, homogeneous and heterogeneous nodes are deployed within specific regions. To reduce unnecessary data transmission, threshold-based conditions are presented to prevent unnecessary transmission when minor or no change is observed in the simulated and real-world applications. We further extend our proposed multi-hop model to achieve more network stability in dense and larger network areas. Our proposed model shows enhancement in terms of load balancing and end-to-end delay as compared to the other threshold-based energy-efficient routing protocols, such as the threshold-sensitive stable election protocol (TSEP), threshold distributed energy-efficient clustering (TDEEC), low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), and energy-efficient sensor network (TEEN).

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