Research ethics review at University Eduardo Mondlane (UEM)/Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique (2013–2016): a descriptive analysis of the start-up of a new research ethics committee (REC)

Sacarlal, Jahit; Muchanga, Vasco; Mabutana, Carlos; Mabui, Matilde; Mariamo, Arlete; Cuamba, Assa Júlio; Fumo, Leida Artur; Silveira, Jacinta; Heitman, Elizabeth; Moon, Troy D.

doi:10.1186/s12910-018-0291-4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The majority (60%) of the countries have ‘some national ethics guidance, either in the form of laws, regulations, codes, guidelines or standard operating procedures’ . 71 Institutions have largely established their own structures despite following national guidance 42 64 72 73…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening ethics committees for health-related research in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveHealth-related research in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has grown over the years. However, concerns have been raised about the state of research ethics committees (RECs). This scoping review examines the literature on RECs for health-related research in SSA and identifies strategies that have been applied to strengthen the RECs. It focuses on three aspects of RECs: regulatory governance and leadership, administrative and financial capacity and technical capacity of members.DesignA scoping review of published literature, including grey literature, was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach.Data sourcesBioOne, CINAHL, Embase (via Ovid), Education Abstracts, Global Health, Google Scholar, Jstor, OpenEdition (French), Philosopher’s Index, PsycINFO, PubMed, Science Citation and Expanded Index (Web of Science), reference lists of included studies and specific grey literature sources.Eligibility criteriaWe included empirical studies on RECs for health-related research in SSA, covering topics on REC leadership and governance, administrative and financial capacity and the technical capacity of REC members. We included studies published between 01 January 2000 and 18 February 2022 and written in English, French, Portuguese or Swahili.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers screened the records. Data were extracted by one reviewer and cross-checked by another. Owing to the heterogeneity of included studies, thematic analysis was used.ResultsWe included 54 studies. The findings show that most RECs in SSA work under significant administrative and financial constraints, with few opportunities for capacity building for committee members. This has an impact on the quality of reviews and the overall performance of RECs. Although most countries have national governance systems for RECs, they lack regulations on accountability, transparency and monitoring of RECs.ConclusionsThis review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on RECs for health-related research in SSA and contributes to our understanding of how RECs can be strengthened.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening ethics committees for health-related research in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

et al. 2022

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“…The fuzzy c-means algorithm is as same as the k-means algorithm. The algorithm minimizes intra-cluster variance, but has the same problems as k- means, the minimum is a local minimum, and the results are based on the initial choice of weights [ 28 ]. The expectation-maximization algorithm is a more statistically formalized method, which includes some of these ideas: partial membership in classes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using computational modeling

Kim

2018

Bioinformation

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The prevalent cause of dementia - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an early cholinergic deficit that is in part responsible for the cognitive deficits (especially memory and attention defects). Prolonged AD leads to moderate-to-severe AD, which is one of the leading causes of death. Placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials have shown significant effects of Acetyl cholin esterase inhibitors (ChEIs) on function, cognition, activities of daily living (ADL) and behavioral symptoms in patients. Studies have shown comparable effects for ChEIs in patients with moderate-to-severe or mild AD. Setting a fixed measurement (e.g. a Mini-Mental State Examination score, as a 'when to stop treatment limit) for the disease is not clinically rational. Detection of changed regional cerebral blood flow in mild cognitive impairment and early AD by perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging has been a challenge. The utility of perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (PW-MRI) for detecting changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early AD was evaluated. We describe a computer aided prediction model to determine the severity of AD using known data in literature. We designed an automated system for the determination of AD severity. It is used to predict the clinical cases and conditions with disagreements from specialist. The model described is useful in clinical practice to validate diagnosis.

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Considerations of sex and gender dimensions by research ethics committees: a scoping review

Saxena¹,

Lasher

Somerville

et al. 2022

International Health

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Despite a growing consensus on the importance of integrating sex and gender in health research, research across disciplines continues to be conducted and reported without a gender focus. Research ethics committees (RECs) can play a particularly powerful role in identifying the gender gaps at an early stage of the development of research protocols. Their role is missing in the dialogue related to improving gender awareness and analysis in health research. A scoping review was conducted to examine the extent to which RECs discuss and consider the inclusion and analysis of sex and gender in health research and to examine the literature regarding the gender balance of RECs. The limited literature around gender and research ethics reveals the power and potential of RECs to ensure that gender dimensions are thoughtfully included in health research, and sheds light on the gaps that exist. These include an under-representation of women on RECs, a lack of awareness of the importance of gender-related aspects in health research and a paucity of gender-related training to RECs. Guidelines such as the Sex and Gender Equity in Research guidelines are required for RECs to strengthen the ways in which health research is gendered from conception of a research protocol to its publication.

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Research ethics review at University Eduardo Mondlane (UEM)/Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique (2013–2016): a descriptive analysis of the start-up of a new research ethics committee (REC)

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Strengthening ethics committees for health-related research in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

Strengthening ethics committees for health-related research in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

Detection of severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using computational modeling

Considerations of sex and gender dimensions by research ethics committees: a scoping review

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