Research evolution of limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), a promising low-carbon binder – A comprehensive overview

Mañosa, Jofre; Calderón, Alejandro; Salgado-Pizarro, Rebeca; Maldonado-Alameda, Alex; Chimenos, Josep M.

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25117

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…Currently, limestone is more commonly blended with clay and cement and used as LC3 instead of cement [124]. The preparation process of LC3 has lower carbon emissions [125], while the mechanical properties of LC3 are more excellent [126,127]. Furthermore, due to the lower content of cement in LC3, less CH is produced by hydration, which makes the durability performance of LC3 concrete better than that of cement concrete [126].…”

Section: Application Trend Of Limestonementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments on the Effects of Micro- and Nano-Limestone on the Hydration Process, Products, and Kinetics of Cement

Li,

Cao

2024

Materials

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Limestone is commonly used in cement concrete due to its unique nature and type. It has physical effects (nucleation effect and dilution effect) and chemical effects on the hydration process of cement. This paper reviews the effects of three representative limestone materials on the hydration process, hydration products, and hydration kinetics. In the hydration process, the reaction was delayed by limestone powder with a particle size larger than 20 μm and calcium carbonate whiskers due to their dilutive effect. On the other hand, limestone powder with a particle size smaller than 20 m and calcium carbonate nanoparticles facilitated the reaction through nucleation and chemical effects. Limestone has a similar effect on hydration products, promoting the production of C-S-H through nucleation. The mechanism of action for this nucleation effect depends on the differences in crystalline form and particle size of the three types of micro- and nano-calcium. Chemical effects impact the amount of AFt produced, with the generation of new products being the main reaction influenced by the limestone admixture.

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