Research in vehicle exhaust gas compliance with Euro standard

Abstract

The actual problem of today is environmental pollution, and the main source of pollution is transportation. Air pollution from vehicles, especially in cities, has been a major problem worldwide for the past few decades. Last year we heard that diesel cars were the most polluting. Increasingly stringent emission requirements are being placed on these vehicles, so the pollution levels of newly produced vehicles are so low that they are equal to the emission standards of gasoline-powered vehicles. In recent years, global warming caused by carbon dioxide emissions has added another dimension to intense research efforts to develop more efficient engines and use low-carbon and renewable biofuels. Recently, very strict mass emission standards have been introduced, such as EURO 5-6. To measure the emissions of motor vehicles, unified cycles and test procedures have been developed, and harmonized by global test cycles, for all categories of vehicles to facilitate the transfer of information or technology exchange around the world. In Lithuania, the car fleet is 10-15 years old, so it is important to study the cars that drive on our roads. Cars of this age may not comply with the EURO 5-6 standard and therefore, for various reasons, pollute the city of Klaipeda with CO2 or NOx pollutants. It is interesting and relevant to see how many cars drive with indicators corresponding to the EURO standard. This study aims to find out the different values between actual and factory vehicle exhaust emissions through measurements. Vehicle emissions are measured using the SGA 400 exhaust gas analyzer. Comparing the test vehicles of different years of production according to the standards of EURO 1-6, it was noticed that the most polluting internal combustion engines run on gasoline, and their operating age reaches 15-18 years complying with the EURO 3-4 standards. The amount of emissions of diesel vehicles from the EURO 1-6 standard has decreased even up to 12.5 times.