Research inSolanum spp. of sources of resistance to the potato tuber mothPhthorimaea operculella (Zeller)

Abstract

SummaryThe potato tuber moth (PTM) represents a dangerous pest on potato crop in Italy, spreading out from southern areas to central and northern areas.Introductions of Solanum berthaultii, S. commersonii, S. pitmatisectum, S. sparsipilum, S. spegazz.ini, S. sucrense. S. tari]ense wild species and S. tuberosum x S. berthaultii hybrids were evaluated for resistance to a PTM population isolated from a field in central Italy, by means of an antibiosis test on tubers in the laboratory and of an antixenosis trial in the field. Sdveral S. sparsipilum and S. pinnatisectum clones showed an antibiosis effect on larval survival and antixcnosis of the aerial and the hypogeal parts of the plant. In the field, the genotypes with leaf glandular trichomes did not reveal the expected antixenosis effect of the aerial part of the plant.

Life Table Parameters of <I>Phthorimaea operculella</I> (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Feeding on Tubers of Six Potato Cultivars

“…The development of resistance to insecticides and their detrimental effects on non-target organisms has caused a growing interest in the development of alternative control methods (Henderson and Horne 1996). Resistant potato cultivars could increase the efficacy of cultural and biological methods and reduce the use of insecticides (Arnone et al 1998). Host plant resistance studies have shown that there are some resistance mechanisms in the foliage and tubers of the potato cultivars (Brown 2007).…”

Potato Resistance Against Insect Herbivores

“…); Rêgo Lopes and Vendramim (2001) also found higher survival of P. operculella on tubers than on foliage (but surviving larvae had longer development times and lower pupal weights on tubers) except on S. tuberosum × S. berthaultii hybrids where larvae did poorly on tubers. Given that tuber moths are better adapted to living on tubers, and given the large number of published tuber screening studies (Fenemore 1980;Raman and Palacios 1982;Nabi 1984;Ojero and Muerke 1985;Estrada and Valencia 1988;Ortíz et al 1990;Das et al 1993b;Chandla 1995;Arnoné et al 1998;Gurr and Symington 1998;Parihar and Watanabe et al 1999;Rêgo Lopes and Vendramim 2001;Sileshi and Teriessa 2001;Horgan et al 2007bHorgan et al , 2010 it is surprising that so little is known about mechanisms of tuber resistance to the moths (Table 5). Furthermore, there is little information on which to base hypotheses about tuber resistance, Periderm thickness affected neonate penetration of the tuber and oviposition.…”

“…Horgan et al 2010 because, other than recording damage levels or herbivore survival, only a few studies have quantified moth fitness responses to resistant tubers (but see Arnoné et al 1998;Malakar-Kuenen and Tingey 2006;Horgan et al 2007bHorgan et al , 2010. As with foliage, adult moths likely locate tubers based on complex chemical cues emitted from the host plants.…”

The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

“…The evaluation of potato germplasm for resistance to potato tuberworm is valuable to developing integrated tuberworm management (Horgan et al 2007); however, no fully recognized resistance cultivar has been bred to date. Few attempts have been made to identify plant cultivars resistant to tuberworm (Foot 1976a;Raman and Palacios 1982;Musmeci et al 1997;Arnone et al 1998;Musmeci et al 2005). In the late 70's, 20 cultivars were compared for foliar and tuber resistance with negative results (Foot 1976a).…”

“…Esta revisión menciona la bionómica de P. operculella, incluyendo su origen, distribución, hospederos, ciclo de vida y el comportamiento de acuerdo al estadío de su vida; dinámica temporal; factores abióticos; métodos de control cultural, biológico y químico; y resistencia de la planta hospedante. While foliar damage to the potato crop does not usually result in significant yield losses (Graft 1917), infested tubers may reduce marketability and damage can be magnified in storage, especially in non-refrigerated systems (Arnone et al 1998). In the Middle East, P. operculella infestation can range between 1 and 65% in the field and stored potatoes (Fadli et al 1974;Al-Ali et al 1975), while in India, P. operculella is responsible for about 1 to 12.5% and 70% infestation in the field and storage, respectively (Lall 1949;Nirula 1960;Nirula and Kumar 1964;Gubbaiah and Thontadarya 1977;Chauhan and Verma 1991).…”