Research of double emulsion formation and shell-thickness influence factors in a novel six-way junction microfluidic device

Double emulsions fortified with plant and milk proteins as fat replacers in cheese

“…In that first area, the droplet size is significantly reduced as the viscosity ratio increases. This has been confirmed by other researchers (Chen et al, 2015;Pal, 2007;Schröder et al, 2012;Tan et al, 2020) . Above a critical viscosity ratio, there are no significant alterations on the droplet size.…”

Numerical Investigation of Double Emulsion Droplets using Modified Flow Focusing Microfluidic Device for Drug Delivery

“…The microfluidics device utilized in this research is based on the Tan et al, [16] model and further adjusted by adding additional features such as an injection model before the first junction. The injection model ensures that the inner phase can enter the middle phase.…”

“…In this study, a modified flowfocusing microfluidic device will utilize injection and sudden expansion geometry to support the break-up mechanism in the double emulsion. Sudden expansion geometry has the ability to delay the break-up mechanism after the second junction, which ensures the inner phase inserting into a double emulsion, as reported by Shin et al, [12] and Tan et al, [16]. Through the utilization of the sudden expansion geometry, it is expected that the size and the monodispersity of the doubleemulsion droplets to be controllable.…”

“…Yandrapalli et al, [15] conducted research to produce liposomes using an inner aqueous solution-in-oil phase containing lipids-in-outer-aqueous solution using a double crossjunction. A study by Tan et al, [16] investigated a novel six-way junction as a sub-division of a flowfocusing device for preparing stable double emulsion droplets. This six-way junction is the potential for preparing double emulsion droplets such that Tan et al, device will be adopted as a fundamental idea in developing microfluidic devices for drug delivery which requires very stable droplets in the current research.…”

“…Sattari et al, [21] conducted numerical investigation using VoF-CSF (Continuum Surface Force) model to visualize double emulsion production using dual-coaxial device which combines with DOE (Design of Experiments) to optimize the number of simulation running and Response Surface Methodology to predict the inner and outer droplets. Then, Tan et al, [16] carried out research using the VoF model to predict double emulsion production in their six-way junction. In this study, a modified flowfocusing microfluidic device will utilize injection and sudden expansion geometry to support the break-up mechanism in the double emulsion.…”