Research on Artificial Intelligence Enhancing Internet of Things Security: A Survey

Abstract

Through three development routes of authentication, communication, and computing, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a variety of innovative integrated solutions for specific applications. However, due to the openness, extensiveness and resource constraints of IoT, each layer of the three-tier IoT architecture suffers from a variety of security threats. In this work, we systematically review the particularity and complexity of IoT security protection, and then find that Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods such as Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) can provide new powerful capabilities to meet the security requirements of IoT. We analyze the technical feasibility of AI in solving IoT security problems and summarize a general process of AI solutions for IoT security. For four serious IoT security threats: device authentication, Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks defense, intrusion detection and malware detection, we summarize representative AI solutions and compare the different algorithms and technologies used by various solutions. It should be noted that although AI provides many new capabilities for the security protection of IoT, it also brings new potential challenges and possible negative effects to IoT in terms of data, algorithm and architecture. In the future, how to solve these challenges can serve as potential research directions.INDEX TERMS Artificial intelligence, deep learning, Internet of Things, machine learning, security.

Internet of Things Applications, Security Challenges, Attacks, Intrusion Detection, and Future Visions: A Systematic Review

“…8, takes place when multiple requests are sent using a botnet army, ultimately overwhelming the victim. All the servers are designed to handle a particular number of requests at a time, and attackers try to reach this threshold and exceed that by an enormous amount to overwhelm and ultimately deny the server to perform further [59]. IoT devices are exploited by attackers because of software, hardware, physical vulnerabilities.…”

An IoT-Focused Intrusion Detection System Approach Based on Preprocessing Characterization for Cybersecurity Datasets

“…According to the process of gathering information, transmission, and processing from IoT systems, IoT has an entity-based architecture that is divided in three main layers. These layers are usually named: terminal perception layer, network transport layer, and application service layer [ 2 ]. The terminal perception layer is composed by the source of IoT data collection.…”

“…Furthermore, the network transport layer transmits the information gathered by the perception layer to the application service layer. Finally, the application service layer process the data transmitted from the network transport layer to various industries or entities, providing services for different users through different fields, such as smart grids, smart homes, and smart cities [ 2 ].…”

“…Sensors 2021, 21, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 15 process the data transmitted from the network transport layer to various industries or entities, providing services for different users through different fields, such as smart grids, smart homes, and smart cities [2]. The network transport layer can suffer several security threats, such as distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, sending traffic and consuming network and computing resources [3].…”

Openness and Security Thinking Characteristics for IoT Ecosystems

“…Openness in IoT systems offer multitude of benefits [10], but security is never assured [12,13]. Security and privacy goals are at the top of the agenda for the industry, yet a growing number of smaller IoT vendors, typically startups, whose core competence does not focus on security, brings a bigger challenge to set-up a secure IoT infrastructure [14][15][16].…”