“…An innovative islanding detection technique was proposed based on active frequency drift (AFD) and the analysis revealed that the proposed method reduced harmonics by 68% compared to conventional AFD and had a larger chopping factor [6]. A technology with a manufacturing working environment extending underwater was proposed for lowering the cost of installing new submarine pipelines, polluting the ocean less, and improving recycling efficiency [7]. Except for studies on policy, safety and technology, a large number of scholars, researchers and engineers have focused on the optimization problems with the goal of increasing profits and reducing costs, which are beneficial for enhancing market competitiveness to manufacturing industries and the energy system.…”