The real scene data of production images and videos collected by the perception layer of the industrial Internet of Things, which are shot under the conditions of lack of illumination, underexposure and insufficient contrast, need to be fully and efficiently utilized to ensure the smooth progress of the follow-up supervision, monitoring, detection and tracking of the industrial Internet of Things. Therefore, this paper studies the intelligent recognition method of digital images on production data collected by industrial Internet of Thing. Firstly, the video or image data collected by the industrial Internet of Things monitoring platform are preprocessed to achieve the purpose of image clarity and targeting. It includes constrained least square restoration and Lucy-Richardson restoration for image blur caused by defocus, and blind deconvolution restoration for image motion blur caused by vibration. The adaptive histogram equalization algorithm is described in detail, and it can enhance the global contrast of digital images collected by industrial Internet of Things while retaining the details of the target area as much as possible. Based on U-net convolution network, the target recognition model of digital images collected by industrial Internet of Things is constructed, and spatial convolution pooling pyramid and improved convolution module Inception are introduced to optimize the model. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the model.