Research on Ecological Restoration Mechanism of Rare‐Earth Mines Based on Evolutionary Game

Abstract

With the continuous improvement of the rare earth’s international status, the status of rare Chinese earth has gradually become prominent all over the world. When China enjoys the advantages of large reserves of rare-earth resources, at the same time, Chinese rare-earth enterprises are lagging in technology and lacking innovation capabilities. The rare-earth industry is mainly concentrated on the separation and smelting process, which has an indelible impact on the ecological environment around the mine. Some scholars have carried out research on ecological restoration in mining areas, but there are few studies on interest subjects in ecological restoration work in mining areas, especially the research based on game theory is more scarce. This article constructs a trilateral evolutionary game model of the central, local governments, and mining enterprises. This article analyzes the impact mechanism of policy changes on the rare-earth mining industry and analyzes the three-party evolutionary game model by adjusting the values of external variables. The research shows that the central government’s subsidies to local enterprises, the central government’s performance evaluation to the government, the local government’s punishment to enterprises, and the local enterprise’s reproduction income are important factors that determine the evolution of the trilateral game. Therefore, the central government should strengthen the supervision of local governments and enterprises when formulating policies related to the rare-earth industry, and local governments should strengthen their own management and local environmental regulations.

Can Carbon Offset Policies Be Effectively Implemented in All Regions of China? An Evolutionary Game Analysis of Decision-Making Dynamics of Local Governments

“…The relevant stakeholders of carbon offsetting of mineral resources include the central government, local governments, central enterprises, local enterprises, and rural residents [23,24]; two or three of them can be selected to construct a game model. Studies have shown that, under government supervision, increasing subsidies to carbon offsetting enterprises can motivate them to conduct carbon offsetting work [25][26][27]. Research on tourism carbon offsetting mainly includes matrix games that revolve around the government, residents, and tourism enterprises to analyze game behavior [28][29][30].…”