“…For example, it was indicated that the land degradation expansion was dominated by human activities [23,40], whereas its reversion was dominated by climate change [40]. Although it is universally held that apart from such natural factors as climate change, human elements, like deforestation, irrational cultivation and overgrazing, are the chief culprits [16,49,50,71,[77][78][79]. However, at different spatial and temporal scales, the relative role of climate factors and human activities on land degradation is very complicated; this requires a specific analysis of specific areas.…”