“…Few studies on GAN demonstrate the efficacy of DL in generating fingerprint images. Different application tasks of the proposed DL-based methods have been identified such as fingerprint classification [15, 67, 79-81, 97, 100, 101, 111, 112], fingerprint liveness detection [65,74,75,77,106,110], fingerprint recognition and authentication [25,26,76], overlapped fingerprint separation [86], double-identity fingerprint detection [87], fingerprint ROI segmentation [88,89], fingerprint alteration detection [94], fingerprint image enhancement [20,96,107,108], latent fingerprint segmentation [83], latent fingerprint recognition [85], latent fingerprint enhancement [84], fingerprint indexing [90,91], fingerprint pore matching [70,99], partial fingerprint matching [92,93], cancelable recognition system [95], fingerprint spoofing detection [6,109], contactless to contact-based and 3D partial fingerprint images matching [104,105], fingerprint minutiae extraction [71,102,103], fingerprint pore extraction [98], fingerprint generation, and presentation attack detection [113,114], fingerprint recovery scheme [115], and fingerprint l...…”