This study focuses on the characteristics of foam generation,
flow,
and plugging in different reservoir fracture environments. Through
visual physical model experiments and stone core displacement experiments,
we analyze the flow regeneration of foam in a simulated reservoir
fracture environment as well as its sealing and sweeping mechanisms.
The findings reveal that low permeability reservoirs, with their smaller
and more intricate fracture structures, are conducive to the generation
of high-strength foam. This is due to the stronger shear effect of
these fracture structures on the injected surfactant and gas mixture
system, resulting in a denser foam system. Consequently, low permeability
reservoirs facilitate a series of mechanisms that enhance the fluid
sweep efficiency. Furthermore, the experiments demonstrate that higher
reservoir fracture roughness intensifies the shear disturbance effect
on the injected fluid. This disturbance aids in foam regeneration,
increases the flow resistance of the foam, and helps to plug high
permeability channels. As a result, the foam optimizes the injection-production
profile and improves the fluid sweep efficiency. Stone core displacement
experiments further illustrate that during foam flooding, the foam
liquid film encapsulates the gas phase, thereby obstructing fluid
channeling through the Jamin effect. This forces the subsequently
injected fluid into other low-permeability fractures, overcoming the
shielding effect of high-permeability fractures on low-permeability
fractures. Consequently, this improves the fluid diversion rate of
low permeability fractures, effectively inhibiting fluid cross-flow
and enhancing sweep efficiency. These experimental results highlight
the advantages of foam flooding in the development of complex reservoirs
with low permeability fracture structures, demonstrating its efficacy
in inhibiting fluid cross-flow and optimizing the injection-production
profile.