Research on the Fused Deposition Modeling of Polyether Ether Ketone

Abstract

As a special engineering polymer, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been used widely due to its excellent mechanical properties, high thermal stability, and chemical resistance. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a promising process for fabricating PEEK parts. However, due to the semi-crystalline property and high melting point of PEEK, determining appropriate process parameters is important to reduce warpage deformation and improve the mechanical properties of PEEK. In this article, the influence of raster angle and infill density was determined by single factor experiment, which are the two most important parameters. The results showed that samples with 0°/90° raster angle and 50% infill density had the best comprehensive properties in terms of warpage deformation, tensile strength, and specific strength. Subsequently, based on the results above, the effects of printing speed, nozzle temperature, platform temperature, raster width, and layer thickness were analyzed by orthogonal experiment. The results indicated that platform temperature had the greatest impact on warpage deformation while printing speed and nozzle temperature were significant parameters on tensile strength. Through optimization, warpage deformation of the samples could be reduced to almost 0 and tensile strength could increase by 19.6% (from 40.56 to 48.50 MPa). This will support the development of FDM for PEEK.

A Comparative Investigation of the Reliability of Biodegradable Components Produced through Additive Manufacturing Technology

“…The 3D-printed samples exhibit localized weak points aligned with inter-layer surfaces, where perfect adhesion is assumed. Alternatively, a cohesive model, characterized by elastic properties defined by the constitutive law in Equation (12) [ 38 ], can be applied to cohesive surface elements. Here, σ denotes the stress vector specific to the local context, ε represents the vector compiling the separations within the cohesive element, K stands for the stiffness matrix, and nst corresponds to the local coordinate system: …”

“…They observed that the 0-degree raster angle printing delivered the best in-place and edgewise flexure strength. Ruoxiang Gao et al [ 38 ] investigated the impact of raster angle and infill density which are more effective parameters, using a single factor experiment. They examined from the obtained outcomes that the raster angle 0/90 degree and density of 50% has the overall best consequences in terms of warpage deformation, tensile strength, and specific strength according to obtain an evaluation.…”

PEEK in Fixed Dental Prostheses: Application and Adhesion Improvement

“…PEEK is a high impact polymer material that is made from fluorine benzene ketone, hydroquinone, and sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, dissolved in diphenyl sulfone. PEEK consists of an aromatic nucleus linked by ketone and ether groups, providing it with a superior chemical stability that seems to be a double-edged sword [1,2]. Regarding its advantages, PEEK resists high-temperature thermal stress (melting point, 343 • C) without significant degradation, shows low water solubility (0.5%), and is able to minimize biocorrosion within body fluid, thus avoiding the release of metal ions that can trigger cytotoxicity, allergy, and inflammation [3].…”

Improvement of the interfacial properties of CF/PEEK composites by introducing aminated polyphenylene sulphide (PPS‐NH2) as a sizing agent

“…The surface of CF is a graphite microcrystalline structure, showing smooth morphology and inert chemical properties. [ 5 ] No cross‐linkable chemically active functional group is observed in the molecular structure of PEEK, and no chemical reaction occurs during the curing process of CF/PEEK composite. Therefore, the interface bonding performance between carbon fibers (CF) and PEEK resin matrix is weak.…”