Research on the Influence of the Type of Surfactant and Concentrator in Aqueous Dispersion of Pigments

Abstract

This work reports tests performed to evaluate the stability of aqueous dispersions of inorganic oxide pigments with different specific surface areas, with the use of anionic and non-ionic surfactants and concentrators. Color mixtures of oxide compounds of blue, green, olive and brown with the unit cell spinel structure were used as pigments. The sodium salt of sulfosuccinic acid monoester, oxyethylenated nonylphenol and ethoxylated derivatives of lauryl alcohol, fatty alcohol and fatty amine were used as surfactants. The concentrators used were: poly(vinyl alcohol), the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose as well as a water-based polyurethane oligomer. The highest dispersion efficiency was found for dispersed systems in which surfactant and concentrator were incorporated in the formula. The one containing the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose or polyurethane oligomer with ethoxylated saturated fatty alcohol or fatty amine was found to be the most efficient. It was discovered that a higher dispersion efficiency corresponds to pigments with larger specific surface. The efficiency is also found to improve when the concentrator is an acrylic polymer or copolymer made up of two acrylic species. In this case, the concentrator interaction with the surfactant is more effective if the value of its boundary viscosity number is higher. This observation confirms the existence of interactions between macro-chains of the concentrator and surfactant molecules forming micelles with the pigment particles.

Surface analysis of stearic acid modification for improving thermal resistant of calcium phosphate coated iron oxide yellow pigments

“…On the other hand, the dispersibility properties of iron oxide yellow have also been reported. The pigment particle size, shape, nature of wetting, and dispersing agents are the key contributors to the stability of the dispersion 12,13 . For example, pigment dispersion of iron oxide yellow pigments with spherulitic morphology resulted in lower viscosity over the acicular morphology 12 .…”

Conductive Properties of Polyester/Spandex Fabrics Using Liquid Carbon Black and Disperse Black Dye

“…The aggregation of adjacent dyes can form a cross-linking of double electric layers, which can improve the stability of liquid dye micelles when the repulsive forces between dye aggregates prevail, and conversely, dyes have a tendency to aggregate and reduce the stability of dyes (e.g., flocculation, precipitation). 17 Thus, liquid dye stability depends on the adsorption, diffusion, and interaction of dye particles with surfactants, which is a dynamic adsorption–desorption process.…”

Synthesis and characterization of colored EUDRAGIT® as enteric coating material

“…Incomplete dispersion and agglomeration issues are as well often described . However, efforts to solve stability problems are ongoing, for example, addition of stabilizing agents to solve mottling problems or the use of surfactants . A further issue are toxicity standards that are strictly subjected to dyes.…”

“…3 However, efforts to solve stability problems are ongoing, for example, addition of stabilizing agents to solve mottling problems or the use of surfactants. 4,5 A further issue are toxicity standards that are strictly subjected to dyes. As a result, a number of colorants have been removed from the list of Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C).…”