Research on the mechanical model of cord-reinforced air spring with winding formation

Cheng, Yu-Qiang; Shuai, Changgeng; Guan, Hua

doi:10.1515/secm-2021-0060

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Based on the geometrical equation 29 , the physical equation 30 with variable winding trajectory, and the equilibrium Eq. ( 3), variables are offset and transformed to determine the conversion between η(φ) and ξ(φ) and the first-order differential equation as follows:…”

Section: Solving a Mechanical Model For The Bellowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stiffness analysis and structural optimization design of an air spring for ships

Cheng,

Gao,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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An air spring (AS) for ships must have the structural strength of its bellows enhanced considerably to ensure its reliability under high internal pressure and strong impact. In this case, the stiffness of the bellows gradually dominates the overall stiffness of the AS. Nevertheless, the parameterization calculation of stiffness for an AS mainly focuses on its pneumatic stiffness. The bellows stiffness is normally analyzed by virtue of equivalent simplification or numeric simulation. There is not an effective parameterization calculation model for the stiffness of the bellows, making it difficult to achieve the structural optimization design of the bellows. In this paper, the shell theory was borrowed to build a mechanical model for the bellows. Subsequently, the state vector of the bellows was solved by precision integration and boundary condition. Iteration was conducted to identify the complex coupling relationship between the vector of the bellows and other parameters. On this basis, the parameterization calculation method was introduced for the stiffness of the bellows to obtain the vertical and horizontal stiffness of the AS. After that, a dual-membrane low-stiffness structure was designed to analyze the dominating factors affecting the strength and stiffness of the AS, which highlighted the way to the low-stiffness optimization design of high-strength ASs. In the end, three prototypes and one optimized prototype were tested to verify the correctness of the parameterization design model for stiffness as well as the effectiveness of the structural optimization design.

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Section: Solving a Mechanical Model For The Bellowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stiffness analysis and structural optimization design of an air spring for ships

Cheng,

Gao,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Therefore, the cord winding angle varies at different positions of the bellows in the air spring, making it much more complicated to construct a mechanical model for the bellows. Based on the non-geodesic winding model and the laminate theoretical model are combined to create the physical equations for the bellows of the air spring with variable cord winding characteristics 20 .…”

Section: Theoretical Modeling and Solvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physical equations 20 and geometrical equations 22 are substituted into Eq. ( 4 ) to obtain the first-order differential equation for the intermediate vector of displacement as follows: where C w ( φ ) is an eight-order coefficient matrix with the elements listed in the Appendix.…”

Section: Theoretical Modeling and Solvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bellows stiffness characteristics of cord-reinforced air spring with winding formation under preload conditions

Cheng

Guan

Shuai

2023

Sci Rep

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The bellows structure in an air spring can be constantly reinforced to cope with the complicated work environment, but it exerts a stronger and stronger effect on the stiffness characteristics of the air spring. However, there is not any effective way for the parameterized solution of the bellows stiffness of the air spring. With the precise transfer matrix method, the bellows stiffness characteristics of a cord-reinforced air spring with winding formation under preload conditions were analyzed in this paper. The thin-shell theory was used to solve the bellows pre-stress of the air spring under preload conditions. The pre-stress was introduced into the equilibrium equation for the bellows. Based on the geometrical and physical equations for the bellows with the complex cord winding characteristics, the precise integration method was borrowed to construct a transfer matrix for the bellows of the air spring under preload conditions. The state vector of the bellows in the air spring was solved through boundary conditions. The iteration method was adopted to develop the expression for the bellows stiffness characteristics, and combined with the theoretical model of pneumatic stiffness to solve the stiffness characteristics of the air spring. The comparison with the prototype test results verified the validity and correctness of the theoretical model. On this basis, we explored the influence of preload conditions, geometrical structure, and material characteristics on the stiffness characteristics of the air spring. The research findings will provide significant guidance for the structural design and material selection of cord-reinforced air springs with winding formation.

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“…Wu et al [14] developed a dynamic stiffness model for air springs based on equivalent damping and hysteresis properties and presented a general method to identify key nonlinear parameters in the model, such as effective area, equivalent stiffness, airbag stiffness, and equivalent damping. Cheng et al [15] derived expressions for stiffness properties including the gap coefficient based on elastic thin-shell theory and presented a method for calculating the stiffness properties of diaphragm-type airbag oscillators. Based on non-moment theory of elastic thin shell, Gu et al [16] established the equilibrium equations and boundary conditions of the airbag and derived the equations for the internal forces in the latitudinal and longitudinal directions of the airbag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CSAPSO-BPNN-Based Modeling of End Airbag Stiffness of Nursing Transfer Robot

Liu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Electronics

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The use of nursing transfer robots is a vital solution to the problem of daily mobility difficulties for semi-disabilities. However, the fact that care-receivers have different physical characteristics leads to force concentration during human–robot interaction, which affects their comfort. To address this problem, this study installs an array of double wedge-shaped airbags onto the end-effector of a robot, and analyses airbag mechanical properties. Firstly, this study performed the mechanical testing and data collection of the airbag, including its external load and displacement, at various gas masses. Then, the performance of the Back Propagation (BP) neural network is improved using chaos (C) theory and simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SAPSO), resulting in the establishment of the CSAPSO-BP neural network. By this method, a fitting model is developed to determine the mechanical parameters of the wedge-shaped airbag stiffness, and the fitting relation of external load–displacement is obtained. Data analyses show that the wedge-shaped airbag stiffness increases quadratically, linearly, and with a constant rate as the gas mass increases. The airbag stiffness regulation and model describe its three distinct phases with quadratic, linear, and linear invariant characteristics as the gas mass changes. These findings contribute to the structural optimization of airbags.

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Research on the mechanical model of cord-reinforced air spring with winding formation

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Stiffness analysis and structural optimization design of an air spring for ships

Stiffness analysis and structural optimization design of an air spring for ships

Bellows stiffness characteristics of cord-reinforced air spring with winding formation under preload conditions

CSAPSO-BPNN-Based Modeling of End Airbag Stiffness of Nursing Transfer Robot

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