Research on the new combustion chamber design to operate with low methane number fuels in an internal combustion engine with pre-chamber

Zardoya, Ander Ruiz; Lucena, Iñaki Loroño; Bengoetxea, Iñigo Oregui; Orosa, José A.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2023.127458

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Finally, clean fuels, in different proportions, play a crucial role in emissions reduction [13]. Currently, the main commercially available alternative fuels for marine diesel engines include biodiesel [14], natural gas [15,16], and methanol [17]. Nevertheless, the use of such fuels should be implemented with as few changes as possible on the existing engines to avoid high costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Cameretti,

De Robbio,

Palomba

2023

Energies

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Compression ignition engines will still be predominant in the naval sector: their high efficiency, high torque, and heavy weight perfectly suit the demands and architecture of ships. Nevertheless, recent emission legislations impose limitations to the pollutant emissions levels in this sector as well. In addition to post-treatment systems, it is necessary to reduce some pollutant species, and, therefore, the study of combustion strategies and new fuels can represent valid paths for limiting environmental harmful emissions such as CO2. The use of methane in dual fuel mode has already been implemented on existent vessels, but the progressive decarbonization will lead to the utilization of carbon-neutral or carbon-free fuels such as, in the last case, hydrogen. Thanks to its high reactivity nature, it can be helpful in the reduction of exhaust CH4. On the contrary, together with the high temperatures achieved by its oxidation, hydrogen could cause uncontrolled ignition of the premixed charge and high emissions of NOx. As a matter of fact, a source of ignition is still necessary to have better control on the whole combustion development. To this end, an optimal and specific injection strategy can help to overcome all the before-mentioned issues. In this study, three-dimensional numerical simulations have been performed with the ANSYS Forte® software (version 19.2) in an 8.8 L dual fuel engine cylinder supplied with methane, hydrogen, or hydrogen–methane blends with reference to experimental tests from the literature. A new kinetic mechanism has been used for the description of diesel fuel surrogate oxidation with a set of reactions specifically addressed for the low temperatures together with the GRIMECH 3.0 for CH4 and H2. This kinetics scheme allowed for the adequate reproduction of the ignition timing for the various mixtures used. Preliminary calculations with a one-dimensional commercial code were performed to retrieve the initial conditions of CFD calculations in the cylinder. The used approach demonstrated to be quite a reliable tool to predict the performance of a marine engine working under dual fuel mode with hydrogen-based blends at medium load. As a result, the system modelling shows that using hydrogen as fuel in the engine can achieve the same performance as diesel/natural gas, but when hydrogen totally replaces methane, CO2 is decreased up to 54% at the expense of the increase of about 76% of NOx emissions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Cameretti,

De Robbio,

Palomba

2023

Energies

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“…To investigate the ignition and flame dynamics, various experimental [15][16][17] and numerical studies [18,19] have been carried out. Different single-fuel [20][21][22][23] and dual-fuel concepts [24] have been validated, and a new reactivity stratification with a hydrogen turbulent jet to enhance ammonia combustion has also been proposed recently [25,26]. Liu [27] assessed the effects of the PC on combustion characteristics under lean-burning conditions and found that a larger PC volume allowed faster pressure buildup but led to higher heat transfer losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nozzle Design of Plug-and-Play Passive Pre-chamber Ignition Systems for Natural Gas Engines

Li¹,

Ma²,

Zhu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The pre-chamber technologies can improve the ignition performance of IC engines by more than two orders in magnitude and thereby substantial economic benefits. Compared with the common pre-chamber, a plug-and-play passive scheme is suitable for quick retrofit, which is getting more attention from the automobile industry. Good scavenging is the precondition for improving turbulent jet ignition performance for a passive pre-chamber. Therefore, detailed evaluations of the scavenging process and turbulent jet ignition deserve investigations for new pre-chamber schemes. In this paper, the effects of design parameters on ignition processes of plug-and-play passive pre-chamber were numerically studied, allowing for the lateral angle, orifice diameter, and vertical angle design. Seven pre-chamber schemes were evaluated, and four optimal ones were selected for bench tests. The characteristics of the scavenging process, turbulent jet ignition, and main-chamber combustion were investigated and analyzed. The results show that allowing for the trade-off between ignition energy and scavenging efficiency, the volume ratio of the pre-chamber to clearance is recommended to be 0.2~0.7%, and the corresponding area-volume ratio is 0.003~0.006 mm-1. Compared with the original natural gas engine, the pre-chamber retrofit can save up to 13.2% fuel consumption, which presents a significant improvement in fuel economy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nozzle Design of Plug-and-Play Passive Pre-Chamber Ignition Systems for Natural Gas Engines

Li,

Ma,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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To evaluate the significance of the geometrical parameters of a passive pre-chamber on engine performance, this study investigated the design of a plug-and-play passive pre-chamber in a 15 L heavy-duty natural gas engine. Multi-dimensional numerical investigations were conducted for parametric studies involving lateral angle, orifice diameter, and vertical angle. A compressive flow solver was employed for Navier–Stoke equations, coupled with detailed sub-models and a chemical kinetic scheme. The combustion model was calibrated and could well predict the engine combustion and operating performance. Seven pre-chamber schemes were evaluated, and four optimal ones were selected for experimental tests. The characteristics of the scavenging process, turbulent jet ignition, and main-chamber combustion were investigated and analyzed. The results show that, considering the trade-off between the ignition energy and the scavenging efficiency, the ratio of the pre-chamber to clearance volume is recommended to be 0.2~0.7%, and the corresponding area–volume ratio is 0.003~0.006 mm−1. Compared with the original natural gas engine, the pre-chamber retrofit can save up to 13.2% of fuel consumption, which presents a significant improvement in fuel economy.

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Research on the new combustion chamber design to operate with low methane number fuels in an internal combustion engine with pre-chamber

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends

Nozzle Design of Plug-and-Play Passive Pre-chamber Ignition Systems for Natural Gas Engines

Nozzle Design of Plug-and-Play Passive Pre-Chamber Ignition Systems for Natural Gas Engines

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