By integrating a heart rate monitoring module and a step frequency monitoring module, this study aims to use informatization technology to monitor the exercise level of students in public physical education courses and to adjust the teaching methods of public physical education courses based on informatization feedback. A school had 332 students divided into an experimental and control group for comparative experiments. Based on the results of students’ exercise data monitoring by heart rate oximetry module and acceleration sensor, it was found that the exercise density of students in the experimental group (73.3%) was much higher than that of students in the control group (54.4%), which means that the students’ exercise status was better under the informatization teaching mode. During the experimental period, there were significant differences in the average heart rate and MVPA percentage time between the experimental group and the control group students (p<0.05). The results of the physical fitness test showed that the informatization teaching mode significantly improved the student’s performance in body weight, pull-up, and standing long jump events (p<0.05) and significantly improved the student’s performance in lung capacity, sitting and lying forward bends, 50-meter run, and 1000-meter run events (p<0.01).