Research on the Protection System for Smart Grid Based on Phasor Information at Circuit Breakers

Abstract

A smart grid protection system based on phasor information at circuit breakers is proposed in this paper. Phasor data for fault diagnosis is obtained from phasor measurement units or intelligent electronic devices installed near circuit breakers, without the need for additional measurement equipment. When a fault occurs, the protection system first locates the core protection circuit breaker closest to the fault point. It then identifies the faulty component by analyzing the current phasor differences between this breaker and adjacent ones. This scheme offers high computational efficiency, enabling rapid identification of faulty equipment and its precise location. The proposed protection system structure can be divided into two types: centralized and decentralized, and the most suitable scheme should be selected based on the actual situation. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed scheme was verified through the IEEE 39-bus system and a simulated actual area power grid model, demonstrating its applicability to practical smart grid scenarios. The simulation network validates the implementation method of the proposed protection strategy.