The River Chief System has been examined, a model for river basin water environment management implemented in China in recent years. Through a legal perspective, the authors analyze the normative construction of this system and its potential impact on improving the quality of river water. They give an overview of the historical and legal context that led to the adoption of the River Chief System, followed by a detailed description of its structure and key features. They evaluate the system's effectiveness in promoting compliance with water quality regulations and fostering inter-agency cooperation and conclude by identifying challenges that may hinder the system's success such as the lack of adequate funding and the need for greater public participation in decision-making processes. The paper provides valuable insights into the normative construction of the River Chief System and its implications for water resource management in China.