Research on Ultracapacitors in Hybrid Systems: Case Study

Piórkowski, Piotr; Chmielewski, A.; Bogdziński, Krzysztof; Możaryn, Jakub; Mydłowski, T.

doi:10.3390/en11102551

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…similar asymmetric UCs are also applicable to pulsed electric power sources [12,13]. Piórkowski et al presented a case study about the application of UCs in hybrid systems including an engine start module (ESM), a photovoltaic (PV) module, a battery, and an internal combustion engine (ICE) [14]. In continuation, the hybrid model control strategy was proposed for a double active bridge-based supercapacitor energy storage system [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Study on Dynamic Parameters of Symmetric and Asymmetric Ultracapacitors

et al. 2019

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Electrical storage components such as ultracapacitors (UC) have received significant attention from various industrial sectors, from electric vehicles to renewable power plants. This article presents the investigations on dynamic properties of asymmetric Li-ion hybrid (CPQ2300S: 2300 F, 2.2-3.8 V, JSR Co., Tokyo, Japan) and symmetric double-layer (BCAP3400: 3400 F, 2.85 V, Maxwell Technologies Co., San Diego, CA, USA) ultracapacitors. The internal resistance and capacitance of both UCs were slightly changed with respect to current and voltage alterations, but these changes were more prominent for the Li-ion UC. The internal resistance of the Li-ion UC became five times larger and its capacitance decreased significantly when the temperature decreased from +25 • C to −20 • C. More importantly, the double-layer UC exhibited nearly constant capacitance for a wide range of temperature changes (0 • C to −40 • C), although internal resistance increased somewhat. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis of both UCs was performed for the frequency range of 1 Hz-1 kHz and in the temperature range from −15 • C to +30 • C. It was observed that the temperature effects were much more pronounced for the asymmetric Li-ion UC than that of the symmetric double-layer UC. This work also proposes an improved equivalent circuit model based on an infinite number of resistance-capacitance (r-C) chains. The characteristic behavior of symmetric UCs can be explained precisely by the proposed model. This model is also applicable to asymmetric UCs, but with less precision. similar asymmetric UCs are also applicable to pulsed electric power sources [12,13]. Piórkowski et al. presented a case study about the application of UCs in hybrid systems including an engine start module (ESM), a photovoltaic (PV) module, a battery, and an internal combustion engine (ICE) [14]. In continuation, the hybrid model control strategy was proposed for a double active bridge-based supercapacitor energy storage system [15]. More importantly, the service lifetime of UCs is three times higher compared to electrochemical storage batteries (e.g., Li-ion or lead-acid) although UCs are relatively bulky and voluminous [16]. Consequently, there is a lack of accurate information regarding the ability of Li-ion UCs to provide voltage and current during charge-discharge cycles. Previously, a significant number of experimental investigations were carried out [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] in order to understand the characteristic behavior of UCs. Different direct measurement methods for the evaluation of UC parameters were also proposed [16][17][18][19][20]. A comprehensive review of characterization methods for supercapacitor modeling and general parameter identification techniques were also discussed [21,22].A significant amount of effort has been made to describe dynamic UC behavior using different types of equivalent circuits [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Some works presented modeling approaches based on electrochemical explanations of UC performance [31][32][33...

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confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Study on Dynamic Parameters of Symmetric and Asymmetric Ultracapacitors

et al. 2019

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“…where w (L_LSTM)i,1 (2) -the weight of the ith input to neuron in the linear output layer, and b L_LSTM (2) -the neuron's bias in the linear output layer. For the electrochemical cell modeling, the LSTM-RNN input vector for the kth sample was chosen as…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of hybrid recurrent neural networks and dual‐polarization models of valve regulated lead acid battery

et al. 2020

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Summary Distributed energy storage using low‐cost valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) batteries becomes a promising solution, especially in prosumer microinstallations. In herein work, the model‐based research of VRLA battery in pseudo‐random and hybrid power pulse cycles has been presented. The major goal of the article was to develop and compare parametric, analytical, and data‐driven models of the battery. There were chosen the dual polarization model and the hybrid recurrent neural network model based on long short‐term memory and nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input model for estimating voltage values and determining nonmeasurable parameters of a VRLA battery for different values of the state of charge. Satisfactory results were obtained for both methods, with the favor of the dual polarization model. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed.

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“…A review of energy storage systems is presented in [4]. These systems may store energy under different forms: electrochemical energy (stored in batteries [5] or as hydrogen/fuel cells [6]), magnetic field energy stored in superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) [7]), electric field energy (stored in supercapacitors/ultracapacitors [8]), kinetic energy (stored in flywheels [9]), potential energy (stored in pumped hydroelectric storage (PES) [10]), or as compressed air (stored in compressed air energy storage (CAES)) [11]). Each of these systems has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the requirements of the application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and 24 Hour Behavior Analysis of a Peak-Shaving Equipment with Battery Storage

et al. 2019

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This paper presents the development of a peak-shaving equipment, composed by a multilevel converter in a cascaded H-bridge topology and battery banks on the DC links. Between specific time periods, when the demand is higher, the equipment injects active power from the batteries into the grid to provide support to the system. During the other times of the day, when the demand is lower, the converter charges its battery banks with the exceeding (and low producing cost) energy from the grid. The charge and discharge control algorithms are implemented in a digital signal processor (DSP). The precise time of the day information is obtained from a real-time-clock from a global positioning system module (GPS), which communicates with the DSP through the serial interface. This paper presents the control algorithms and experimental results obtained in a 24 h continuous operation of the equipment.

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Research on Ultracapacitors in Hybrid Systems: Case Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Comprehensive Study on Dynamic Parameters of Symmetric and Asymmetric Ultracapacitors

Comprehensive Study on Dynamic Parameters of Symmetric and Asymmetric Ultracapacitors

Comparison of hybrid recurrent neural networks and dual‐polarization models of valve regulated lead acid battery

Development and 24 Hour Behavior Analysis of a Peak-Shaving Equipment with Battery Storage

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