With the acceleration of the social development process, the number of urban construction projects has been increasing year by year, the construction project has greatly promoted the rapid development of our urban economy, at the same time also exposed a lot of building design and urban and rural planning related problems. Based on the ecological niche theory, this paper carries out practical research on the coordinated development of urban architectural design and urban and rural planning. On the basis of summarizing the relationship between the two, it discusses the main contradictions between urban architectural design and urban and rural planning in recent years, which are manifested in unreasonable land planning, imperfect ecological consideration, and the decline of urban ecological services and public service functions. Finally, starting from the coordination function of ecological niche theory, this paper puts forward the strategy of scientific planning and design of natural ecological niche. Urban and rural planning should provide the main direction for urban architectural design, follow the ecological building design principle of urban and rural planning, coordinate urban and rural ecological service function, and plan the industrial layout, ecology and municipal layout as a whole, aiming at providing reference for relevant personnel.