“…In situ surface vibrational spectroscopy is anticipated to be instrumental in addressing the above challenge. − The strong fluorescence of the dye leveler JGB excited by visible excitation lasers makes it very difficult for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to investigate JGB adsorption at Cu surface. , In this context, surface infrared spectroscopy, free of fluorescence interference, presents a unique advantage in such a study. − In fact, Bozzini and Cai first applied the attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) study on JGB adsorption and desorption during Cu electrodeposition . Owing to insufficient surface sensitivity and narrow frequency-detection range as well as the complication from additional Cu 2+ , the interfacial adsorption configuration of JGB at Cu electrodes was not well established then without in situ spectral evidence of two fragments.…”