Research Paper: The Effect of Orally Administered Probiotics on the Behavioral, Cellular, and Molecular Aspects of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

Shadnoush, Mahdi; Nazemian, Vida; Manaheji, Homa; Zaringhalam, Jalal

doi:10.32598/bcn.9.5.325

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Studies suggest that upregulation of the p38MAPK pathway in the spinal cord plays a central role in inflammation-induced spinal hyperalgesia, and the activation of transcription factors in the nucleus is responsible for gene regulation, such as NFκB, and in mRNA stabilization . Moreover, it has been reported that in arthritis p38MAPK activation is associated with cartilage degradation, chondrocyte apoptosis, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can strengthen the hyperalgesia, making it one of the main inflammatory symptoms. , Our results are in agreement with Chen et al., who showed that the terpene geniposide had a therapeutic effect in an osteoarthritis model by inhibiting the p38MAPK pathway. Thus, the ability of phytol to inhibit the p38MAPK pathway appears to be essential with regard to its analgesic profile and potential as an antiarthritic drug.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Phytol, a Chlorophyll Component, Produces Antihyperalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiarthritic Effects: Possible NFκB Pathway Involvement and Reduced Levels of the Proinflammatory Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6

et al. 2020

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Phytol is a diterpene constituent of chlorophyll and has been shown to have several pharmacological properties, particularly in relation to the management of painful inflammatory diseases. Arthritis is one of the most common of these inflammatory diseases, mainly affecting the synovial membrane, cartilage, and bone in joints. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and the NFκB signaling pathway play a pivotal role in arthritis. However, as the mechanisms of action of phytol and its ability to reduce the levels of these cytokines are poorly understood, we decided to investigate its pharmacological effects using a mouse model of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Our results showed that phytol was able to inhibit joint swelling and hyperalgesia throughout the whole treatment period. Moreover, phytol reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and proinflammatory cytokine release in synovial fluid and decreased IL-6 production as well as the COX-2 immunocontent in the spinal cord. It also downregulated the p38MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that phytol can be an innovative antiarthritic agent due to its capacity to attenuate inflammatory reactions in joints and the spinal cord, mainly through the modulation of mediators that are key to the establishment of arthritic pain.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Phytol, a Chlorophyll Component, Produces Antihyperalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiarthritic Effects: Possible NFκB Pathway Involvement and Reduced Levels of the Proinflammatory Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6

et al. 2020

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“…The mineral oil group received a single subcutaneous injection of sterile mineral oil (100 μL) without the CFA on day zero. Based on our previous studies [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] and others [ 34 , 35 ], the first week after CFA injection (7 days) is considered as an inflammatory phase, and the third week after CFA injection is considered as an arthritic phase of this model. All treatments began one day after CFA injection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Noopept; a nootropic dipeptide, modulates persistent inflammation by effecting spinal microglia dependent Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF expression throughout apoptotic process

Taghizadeh

Maghsoudi

Manaheji

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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There are largely unknown associations between changes in pain behavior responses during persistent peripheral inflammation and spinal cell alteration such as apoptosis. Some evidence suggests that microglia and microglia related mediators play notable roles in induction and maintenance of central nervous system pathologies and inflammatory pain. By considering those relationships and microglia related nootrophic factors, such as the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in CNS, we attempted to assess the relationship between microglia dependent BDNF and its precursor with pain behavior through spinal cell apoptosis as well as the effect of Noopept on this relationship. Persistent peripheral inflammation was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) on day 0. Thermal hyperalgesia, paw edema, microglial activity, microglia dependent BDNF, pro-BDNF expression, and apoptosis were assessed in different experimental groups by confirmed behavioral and molecular methods on days 0, 7, and 21 of the study. Our findings revealed hyperalgesia and spinal cell apoptosis significantly increased during the acute phase of CFA-induced inflammation but was then followed by a decrement in the chronic phase of the study. Aligned with these variations in spinal microglial activity, microglia dependent BDNF significantly increased during the acute phase of CFA-induced inflammation. Our results also indicated that daily administration of Noopept (during 21 days of the study) not only caused a significant decrease in hyperalgesia and microglia dependent BDNF expression but also changed the apoptosis process in relation to microglia activity alteration. It appears that the administration of Noopept can decrease spinal cell apoptosis and hyperalgesia during CFA-induced inflammation due to its direct effects on microglial activity and microglia dependent BDNF and pro-BDNF expression.

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“…And serum IL-1β levels decreased, spinal cord activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inflammatory pathway was inhibited. p38MAPK is an important inflammatory signaling pathway in cells [ 184 ]. Intestinal microbes reduce inflammatory factors by regulating redox balance may be one of the mechanisms of probiotics to alleviate RA [ 185 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials

Zeng,

Yang,

et al. 2024

BMC Med

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Background Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that gut microbiota-based therapies may be effective in treating autoimmune diseases, but a systematic summary is lacking. Methods Pubmed, EMbase, Sinomed, and other databases were searched for RCTs related to the treatment of autoimmune diseases with probiotics from inception to June 2022. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis after 2 investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Results A total of 80 RCTs and 14 types of autoimmune disease [celiac sprue, SLE, and lupus nephritis (LN), RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), spondyloarthritis, psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, MS, systemic sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), oral lichen planus (OLP), Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis] were included. The results showed that gut microbiota-based therapies may improve the symptoms and/or inflammatory factor of celiac sprue, SLE and LN, JIA, psoriasis, PSS, MS, systemic sclerosis, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis. However, gut microbiota-based therapies may not improve the symptoms and/or inflammatory factor of spondyloarthritis and RA. Gut microbiota-based therapies may relieve the pain of fibromyalgia syndrome, but the effect on fibromyalgia impact questionnaire score is not significant. Gut microbiota-based therapies may improve HbA1c in T1DM, but its effect on total insulin requirement does not seem to be significant. These RCTs showed that probiotics did not increase the incidence of adverse events. Conclusions Gut microbiota-based therapies may improve several autoimmune diseases (celiac sprue, SLE and LN, JIA, psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, PSS, MS, T1DM, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis).

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Research Paper: The Effect of Orally Administered Probiotics on the Behavioral, Cellular, and Molecular Aspects of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Phytol, a Chlorophyll Component, Produces Antihyperalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiarthritic Effects: Possible NFκB Pathway Involvement and Reduced Levels of the Proinflammatory Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6

Phytol, a Chlorophyll Component, Produces Antihyperalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiarthritic Effects: Possible NFκB Pathway Involvement and Reduced Levels of the Proinflammatory Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6

RETRACTED: Noopept; a nootropic dipeptide, modulates persistent inflammation by effecting spinal microglia dependent Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF expression throughout apoptotic process

Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials

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