Research Progress and Future Trends of Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices in In-Vitro Diagnosis

Abstract

In vitro diagnosis (IVD) has become a hot topic in laboratory research and achievement transformation. However, due to the high cost, and time-consuming and complex operation of traditional technologies, some new technologies are being introduced into IVD, to solve the existing problems. As a result, IVD has begun to develop toward point-of-care testing (POCT), a subdivision field of IVD. The pandemic has made governments and health institutions realize the urgency of accelerating the development of POCT. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), a low-cost, high-efficiency, and easy-to-operate detection platform, have played a significant role in advancing the development of IVD. μPADs are composed of paper as the core material, certain unique substances as reagents for processing the paper, and sensing devices, as auxiliary equipment. The published reviews on the same topic lack a comprehensive and systematic introduction to μPAD classification and research progress in IVD segmentation. In this paper, we first briefly introduce the origin of μPADs and their role in promoting IVD, in the introduction section. Then, processing and detection methods for μPADs are summarized, and the innovative achievements of μPADs in IVD are reviewed. Finally, we discuss and prospect the upgrade and improvement directions of μPADs, in terms of portability, sensitivity, and automation, to help researchers clarify the progress and overcome the difficulties in subsequent μPAD research.

Multiplex Detection of Infectious Diseases on Microfluidic Platforms

“…Thus, the examination of μPADs using clinical samples in a real environment is deemed to be essential [ 90 ]. Finally, the integration degree of the µPADs can be improved by adding sample processing modules which can simplify the operational steps and improve the integrated capability of the devices [ 94 ].…”

Colorimetric detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants with paper‐based analytical devices

“…Otherwise, diagnosis lapses would lead to the spread of infectious diseases by false‐negative individuals. Modification of electrodes on paper might be a promising strategy to improve the sensitivity of signal acquisition by detecting current changes 4 . Chemical modification of paper surface is a realistic strategy by improving the colorimetric performances of paper‐based devices, such as the generated color intensity and uniformity, to improve test sensitivity 5 .…”

“…Modification of electrodes on paper might be a promising strategy to improve the sensitivity of signal acquisition by detecting current changes. 4 Chemical modification of paper surface is a realistic strategy by improving the colorimetric performances of paper-based devices, such as the generated color intensity and uniformity, to improve test sensitivity. 5 At present, this assay still cannot avoid the employment of lysis devices for RNA extraction, however, a compact integrated device is an irresistible trend.…”

Trends in Paper-Based Sensing Devices for Clinical and Environmental Monitoring

“…and the development of different types of nanobiosensors [ 27 ]. Zhang et al investigated the research progress and described the future trends of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for in-vitro diagnosis [ 28 ]. In another review, Wang et.…”