Research Progress in Acoustical Application to Petroleum Logging and Seismic Exploration

Abstract

This paper is concerned with an improved network model in acoustical application to petroleum logging and seismic exploration. Utilizing acoustic-electric analogue, we report in this paper a newly developed acoustic-logging network model. Important relationships amongst various physical factors are established, i.e. driving-voltage signal, electric-acoustic conversion of source-transducer, acoustic-electric conversion of receiver-transducer, the physical and geometrical properties of propagation media, as well as the measured logging signal. Technically, a driving-voltage convolution with electric-acoustic impulse response is used to substitute for some traditionally assumed acoustic-source functions on acoustic logging, e.g. Tsang wavelet, Ricker wavelet, Gaussian impulse wavelet, etc. With an improved understanding of the anisotropic effects on reflection/refraction between two different anisotropic rock slabs, the new network model can be used to determine the various properties of signal propagation in acoustic-logging, including propagation speed, phase factor, signal amplitude, and frequency information. In turn, it provides input for analysis of amplitude variations with offset (AVO). Corresponding to the improved network model, with available logging and seismic exploration data, a new algorithm for analysis of amplitude variation has been developed to explore new oil reservoirs or gas fields. © Fa et al.; Licensee Bentham Open. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

Anomalous Refraction of Transversely Isotropic Media with Strong Anisotropy

“…Therefore, the layered rocks are preserved as transversely isotropic with respect to its vertical axis of symmetry but macroscopically anisotropic [1][2][3][4]. Reflection and refraction of acoustic waves between adjacent rocks have profound implications in geophysics, e.g., in earthquake seismology, seismic image and analysis, and underwater acoustics [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The physical properties of the transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI media), as shown in Figure 1(a), can be described by an elastic stiffness tensor [2,7,[12][13][14][15][16]…”

Skin Effects of Induced Eddy in Lossy Layered Stratum

“…In the actual electric prospecting, the geoelectric distribution is complicated and various [1]. In order to facilitate the research, the formation can be regarded as laterally homogeneous multilayered media [2,3]. Traditional geometric factor theory is derived from the electromagnetic field equations under the conditions that ignoring the impact between the eddy skin effects [4].…”