Research Progress of Intestinal Microecology in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinogenesis

Abstract

Colorectal adenoma is a precancerous lesion that may progress to colorectal cancer. Patients with colorectal adenoma had a 4-fold higher risk of developing colorectal malignancy than the rest of the population, with approximately 80% of colorectal cancer originating from colorectal adenoma. Therefore, preventing the occurrence and progression of colorectal adenoma is crucial in reducing the risk for colorectal cancer. The human intestinal microecology is a complex system consisting of numerous microbial communities with a sophisticated structure. Interactions among intestinal microorganisms play crucial roles in maintaining normal intestinal structure, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and other functions. The colorectal system is the largest microbial bank or fermentation system in the human body. Studies suggest that intestinal microecological imbalance, one of the most important environmental factors, may play an essential role in the occurrence and development of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. Based on the complexity of studying the gut microbiota ecosystem, its specific role in the occurrence and development of colorectal adenoma is yet to be elucidated. In addition, further studies are expected to provide new insights regarding the prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma. This article reviews the relationship and mechanism of the diversity of the gut microbiota, the relevant inflammatory response, immune regulation, and metabolic changes in the presence of colorectal adenomas.

Clinical Significance of Disulfidptosis-related Genes and Functional Analysis in Gastric Cancer

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Targeting ferroptosis in gastric cancer: Strategies and opportunities

“…The GPx family consists of several members, including glutathione peroxidase 1–8 (GPX1–8). Among these enzymes, GPX4 has a notably crucial function in ferroptosis 97 . GPX4 contains selenocysteine at its active site and functions as a phospholipid hydroperoxidase, utilizing the reducing capability of GSH to convert lipid peroxides into lipid alcohols 98 .…”

Exercise Affects Mucosa-Associated Microbiota and Colonic Tumor Formation Induced by Azoxymethane in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice

“…In the development of colorectal adenomas and cancers, the involvement of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites has recently been reported [6][7][8]. Findings suggest that certain microbial species promote tumorigenesis.…”

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