Research progress of natural products and their derivatives against Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a persistent neurological dysfunction, has an increasing prevalence with the aging of the world and seriously threatens the health of the elderly. Although there is currently no effective treatment for AD, researchers have not given up, and are committed to exploring the pathogenesis of AD and possible therapeutic drugs. Natural products have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique advantages. One molecule can interact with multiple AD-related targets, thus having the potential to be developed in a multi-target drug. In addition, they are amenable to structural modifications to increase interaction and decrease toxicity. Therefore, natural products and their derivatives that ameliorate pathological changes in AD should be intensively and extensively studied. This review mainly presents research on natural products and their derivatives for the treatment of AD.

Rapid Discovery of Aβ42 Fibril Disintegrators from Ganoderma lucidum via Ligand Fishing and Their Neuroprotective Effects on Alzheimer’s Disease

“…33 Thus, discovering Aβ fibril disintegrators from natural products has become a research focus. 34 However, the traditional method for discovering Aβ fibril disintegrators from natural products is time-consuming and laborious. In this study, Aβ 42 fibrilimmobilized magnetic beads were established and successfully used to rapidly discover Aβ 42 fibril disintegrators from the G. lucidum extract via ligand fishing.…”

“…An Aβ fibril has been widely considered one of the most accredited factors for the development of AD, which suggests that Aβ fibril disintegrators possess great potential to be developed into novel anti-AD agents . Thus, discovering Aβ fibril disintegrators from natural products has become a research focus . However, the traditional method for discovering Aβ fibril disintegrators from natural products is time-consuming and laborious.…”

Past, present, and future of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation: A review in psychiatric and neurological disorders

“…Currently, there are several disease-modifying therapies such as monoclonal antibodies developed[ 53 ]. However, these therapies are specific to early AD stages and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities[ 54 ], and there is no effective treatment for AD patients[ 55 ]. Gamma oscillations function in information processing by modulating neuronal and glial cell responses to ameliorate AD[ 56 ], and pathological increases in gamma band power may be due to the disruption of GABAergic interneuronal networks, resulting in an imbalance between excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system[ 57 ].…”

A recent update on huprine and its hybrids as a potential multifunctional agent for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

“…According to the World Alzheimer Report, over 46.8 million people were affected by dementia across the globe in 2015, and this number will double in the next 20 years (Prince et al., 2013, 2015). The exact pathophysiology of AD is still unclear; some physiological factors, such as deposits of amyloid‐β (Aβ) in the form of Aβ plaque, low levels of neurotransmitter (ACh) tau hyperphosphorylation into toxic neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and oxidative stress, are the key mediator in the progression of AD (Figure 1; David et al., 2021; He et al., 2023; Kim et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2023; Mzezewa et al., 2021; Singh, 2021). AD is the main cause of dementia for people above the age of 60.…”