Research progress of space radiation protection technologies in manned deep space exploration missions

Zhao, Lei; Shang, Yuxuan; Yuan, Shuai; He, Xinye; Mi, Dong; Sun, Yeqing

doi:10.1360/n972019-00096

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Ionising radiation (IR), such as X- or γ -rays from medical radiation treatments, high-energy charged (HZE) particles from cosmic radiation, is an unavoidable risk factor to endanger human health [ 1 – 4 ]. IR can attack DNA and produce a variety of DNA lesions, mainly including DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs), mismatches, modified bases, and abasic sites, which are associated with various kinds of human diseases [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Determinant of DNA Repair Pathway Choices in Ionising Radiation-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks

Zhao

Bao

Shang

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Ionising radiation- (IR-) induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered to be the deleterious DNA lesions that pose a serious threat to genomic stability. The major DNA repair pathways, including classical nonhomologous end joining, homologous recombination, single-strand annealing, and alternative end joining, play critical roles in countering and eliciting IR-induced DSBs to ensure genome integrity. If the IR-induced DNA DSBs are not repaired correctly, the residual or incorrectly repaired DSBs can result in genomic instability that is associated with certain human diseases. Although many efforts have been made in investigating the major mechanisms of IR-induced DNA DSB repair, it is still unclear what determines the choices of IR-induced DNA DSB repair pathways. In this review, we discuss how the mechanisms of IR-induced DSB repair pathway choices can operate in irradiated cells. We first briefly describe the main mechanisms of the major DNA DSB repair pathways and the related key repair proteins. Based on our understanding of the characteristics of IR-induced DNA DSBs and the regulatory mechanisms of DSB repair pathways in irradiated cells and recent advances in this field, We then highlight the main factors and associated challenges to determine the IR-induced DSB repair pathway choices. We conclude that the type and distribution of IR-induced DSBs, chromatin state, DNA-end structure, and DNA-end resection are the main determinants of the choice of the IR-induced DNA DSB repair pathway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%