Research Progress of Surgical Treatment of Subtrochanteric Fracture of the Femur

Abstract

Subtrochanteric fracture refers to the fracture between the lesser trochanteric of the femur and the isthmus of the femoral shaft. It usually refers to the fracture within 5cm below the lesser trochanteric of the femur, accounting for about 25% of hip fractures. This type of fracture is usually treated with surgery. Without surgical reduction and fixation, patients are at high risk of malunion or non-union. At present, there are two main surgical options for subtrochanteric fractures of the femur: extramedullary fixation and intramedullary fixation, intramedullary fixation is considered to be the "gold standard". However, the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures is still a great challenge for orthopedic surgeons due to the special anatomical structure of the subtrochanteric region of the femur, especially due to the difficulty of reduction at the fracture site. The purpose of this review is to introduce the current surgical protocols for subtrochanteric fractures and their advantages and disadvantages, to provide some references for clinicians in the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures.