Research progress on febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction: a narrative review

Abstract

Background and Objective: About 1% of patients who receive blood transfusions will develop transfusion reactions. Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) is the most common type of transfusion reaction. It not only leads to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment, but also incurs a huge economic burden. This article reviews FNHTR systematically, aiming to make clinicians have a more comprehensive understanding of FNHTR and reduce the occurrence of this side effect.Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) included Blood Transfusion, Transfusion Reaction, and Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction. The searches and literature screening were performed by 2 researchers; any differences of opinion or results were resolved through negotiation.

Analysis and Predictive Modeling of Perioperative Fever in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures

“…Postoperatively, patients often receive blood transfusions due to the need to address issues such as perioperative anemia. Approximately 1% of patients in China may experience a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) [13], characterized by a temperature increase of ≥1°C, reaching 38°C or above, accompanied by symptoms such as chills and nausea [14]. In our study, post-transfusion patients in the fever group had an average temperature of 38.4°C, and the transfusion rate in the fever group was higher than in the non-fever group.…”

Evaluation of Blood Transfusion-Related Reactions of Blood Recipients in Hamadan Besat Hospital Patients during 2020- 2022

“…dyspnea are examples of the non-hemolytic reactions (2)(3)(4), with FNHTR and allergic reactions being the most prevalent hemolytic reactions (2,5,6).…”

“…FNHTR constitutes about 60% of all blood transfusion reactions. This reaction happens by interactions between recipient antibodies and donor leukocyte antigens or platelet and results in a fever of about 38 °C in the recipient (1,(5)(6)(7). FNHTR present at 1 °C increases the body temperature, and allergic reactions appear in the form of increased body temperature, itching, and hives (4,5,7).…”

“…This reaction happens by interactions between recipient antibodies and donor leukocyte antigens or platelet and results in a fever of about 38 °C in the recipient (1,(5)(6)(7). FNHTR present at 1 °C increases the body temperature, and allergic reactions appear in the form of increased body temperature, itching, and hives (4,5,7). Allergic reactions mediated by IgE, basophil, and mast cells are another prevalent blood transfusion-related reaction (2)(3)(4).…”

“…ABO incompatibility and other blood group system antibody-mediated hemolysis are known as hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) (2,5,6). HTRs might appear as acute or delayed reactions (1,2,4,7).…”