Research Progress on Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1: A Review

Zou, Yonghui; Xu, Yi; Chen, Xiaofeng; Wu, Yuehui; Fu, Longsheng; Lv, Yanni

doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.809225

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Considering the importance of exosomes as messenger carrier in tumor development and the exosomal protein LRG1 in diseases including cancer [ 23 ], we investigated the function of LRG1 in PCa progression. We first analyzed the expression level of LRG1 in cell lines and PCa clinical tissues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and motabolies are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer

Liu

Wang²,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Transl Med

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Background Current diagnosis tools for prostate cancer (PCa) such as serum PSA detection and prostate biopsy cannot distinguish dormant tumors from invasive malignancies, either be used as prognosis marker for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the lethal stage of PCa patients. Exosomes have been widely investigated as promising biomarkers for various diseases. We aim to characterize the proteomic and metabolomic profile of exosomes and to evaluate their potential value for the diagnosis of PCa, especially CRPC. We also investigate the functions of some specific exosome biomarkers in the progression of CRPC. Methods Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis were performed for plasma-derived exosomes collected from tumor-free controls (TFC), PCa and CRPC patients. Expression of specific exosomal proteins were further validated by targeted 4D-parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mass spectrometry among the three cohorts. Tissue distribution and functional role of exosomal protein LRG1 was studied in clinical PCa tissue samples and cell line models. Results Three potential exosomal protein markers were identified. The apolipoprotein E level in PCa samples was 1.7-fold higher than that in TFC (receiver operating characteristic value, 0.74). Similarly, the levels of exosome-derived leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 (ITIH3) in the CRPC group were 1.7 and 2.04 times, respectively, higher than those in the PCa group (ROC values, 0.84 and 0.85, respectively), indicating that LRG1 and ITIH3 could serve as predictive markers for CRPC. For metabolomic evaluation of exosomes, a series of differentially expressed metabolites were identified, and a combined metabolite panel showed ROC value of 0.94 for distinguishing PCa from TFC and 0.97 for distinguishing CRPC from PCa. Immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray showed that LRG1 protein was significantly upregulated in advanced prostate cancer and functional assay revealed that ectopic expression of LRG1 can significantly enhance the malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells. More importantly, PCa cell derived LRG1-overexpressed exosomes remarkably promoted angiogenesis. Conclusion Integration of proteomics and metabolomics data generated proteomic and metabolic signatures of plasma exosomes that may facilitate discrimination of CRPC from PCa and TFC patients, suggesting the potential of exosomal proteins and metabolites as CRPC markers. The study also confirmed the important role of exosomal protein LRG1 in PCa malignant progression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and motabolies are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer

Liu

Wang²,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Transl Med

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“…Serum LRG1 has been recognized as a practical biomarker for monitoring disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, lupus nephritis, adult-onset Still’s disease, and vasculitis. LRG1 is a recently detected important upstream signaling molecule of TGF-β that influences multiple pathophysiological mechanisms through the TGF-β signaling pathway [ 215 , 216 , 217 ].…”

Section: Biomarkers For Diagnosis Treatment and Disease Activity In S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Their Importance in COVID Era

Ailioaie

Litscher

2022

IJMS

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Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and its complication, macrophage activation syndrome (sJIA-MAS), are rare but sometimes very serious or even critical diseases of childhood that can occasionally be characterized by nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms at onset—such as non-remitting high fever, headache, rash, or arthralgia—and are biologically accompanied by an increase in acute-phase reactants. For a correct positive diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out bacterial or viral infections, neoplasia, and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Delays in diagnosis will result in late initiation of targeted therapy. A set of biomarkers is useful to distinguish sJIA or sJIA-MAS from similar clinical entities, especially when arthritis is absent. Biomarkers should be accessible to many patients, with convenient production and acquisition prices for pediatric medical laboratories, as well as being easy to determine, having high sensitivity and specificity, and correlating with pathophysiological disease pathways. The aim of this review was to identify the newest and most powerful biomarkers and their synergistic interaction for easy and accurate recognition of sJIA and sJIA-MAS, so as to immediately guide clinicians in correct diagnosis and in predicting disease outcomes, the response to treatment, and the risk of relapses. Biomarkers constitute an exciting field of research, especially due to the heterogeneous nature of cytokine storm syndromes (CSSs) in the COVID era. They must be selected with utmost care—a fact supported by the increasingly improved genetic and pathophysiological comprehension of sJIA, but also of CSS—so that new classification systems may soon be developed to define homogeneous groups of patients, although each with a distinct disease.

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“…Considering the importance of exosomes as messenger carriers in tumor development and the exosomal protein LRG1 in diseases including cancer 22 , we investigated the functional role of LRG1 in PCa progression. We rst accessed the expression level of LRG1 in cell lines and PCa clinical tissues.…”

Section: Lrg1 Shows Upregulation In Advanced Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Plasma Exosomal Proteins and Metabolites are Associated with the Progression of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Liu¹,

Wang

Wang³

et al. 2022

SSRN Journal

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Research Progress on Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1: A Review

Cited by 28 publications

References 142 publications

Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and motabolies are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer

Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and motabolies are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer

Biomarkers in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Their Importance in COVID Era

Alterations of Plasma Exosomal Proteins and Metabolites are Associated with the Progression of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

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