Research Progress on New Highly Efficient Foam Drainage Agents for Gas Wells (A Review)

Sun, Y. Q.; Zhang, Y. P.; Liu, Q. W.; Fan, Z. Z.; Li, N.; Wei, A. Q.

doi:10.1134/s0965544123080029

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…As an important chemical additive, foaming agents are widely used in the development of oil and gas fields to improve the production and recovery of oil and gas wells. − The application of foaming agents in the field of drainage gas recovery can be traced back to the 1950s . By the 1980s, the United States and the Soviet Union had conducted foam drainage gas recovery on a large scale, and China also began to implement the process in Sichuan .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many methods to study the properties of foaming agents, the traditional methods are mainly Ross–Miles method and the Bikerman method, In recent years, many new methods have been used to study foam properties, such as electrical conductivity, − near-infrared and optical properties, as well as high-energy particles, scanning electron microscopy and sound velocity methods, to achieve the expansion of foam properties at the microscopic level. For foaming agents, the existing detection methods mainly focus on static and short-term indicators under different conditions, including foaming capacity, foaming stability, liquid-carrying capacity of foaming agents, etc., ,, as well as the study of the foam instability mechanism extended from the study of foam stability. − However, in the process of gas well foam drainage and gas recovery, foaming agents are used as a liquid-carrying agent . Most attention is paid to the relationship between the dosage of the agent and the amount of liquid carried and the duration of action, the relationship between the dosing cycle and formation water production, and how long the fluid can be keep carrying out of the wellhead after dosage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Dynamic Liquid-Carrying Process of Foaming Agent and Establishment of Mathematical Model

Liu,

Luo

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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The efficiency of foam drainage gas recovery is predominantly dictated by the performance of the foaming agent. To better understand their behavior, a novel testing apparatus was developed to simulate the foam drainage gas recovery process within the wellbore. Through the dynamic liquid-carrying performance tests of four foaming agents under uniform conditions, it was discerned that there existed significant disparities in the liquidcarrying performance and action duration. Further interface performance analysis disclosed that the liquid-carrying capacity and the duration were correlated with their adsorption capacity and interface activity at the gas−liquid interface. Notably, foaming agents with lower adsorption capacity and higher interfacial activity demonstrated superior liquid-carrying performance and longer action duration. By analyzing the consumption of foaming agents during the liquid-carrying process, five dynamic liquid-carrying equations were derived based on first-order reaction kinetics, the Malthusian population model, and the logistic function. The outcomes demonstrated that all these five equations could precisely delineate the dynamic liquid-carrying process of the foaming agent. During the research, we found that the consumption of the foaming agent in the foam drainage gas recovery process is related to its adsorption behavior at the gas−liquid interface, and revealed that the dynamic liquid-carrying process of foaming agent is the increasing process of liquid-carrying capacity under the continuous consumption of limited foaming agent resources. This laid a foundation for the further exploration of the functional mechanism of the foaming agent in the foam drainage gas recovery process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Dynamic Liquid-Carrying Process of Foaming Agent and Establishment of Mathematical Model

Liu,

Luo

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Research and Development of New Intelligent Foaming and Discharging Agent System

Shuo,

Meilong,

Baofeng

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The application of classic foaming agent faces several issues, including excessive use of defoaming agent, inadequate defoaming, pipeline blockage due to silicone oil precipitation, and high development cost of the foaming agent. To address the aforementioned issues, a novel intelligent foaming agent was created. This resulted in the development of a self-defoaming intelligent foaming agent system. The study focused on analyzing key performance indicators of the foaming agent system, including temperature resistance, salt resistance, oil resistance, phase transition temperature point, foaming ability, foam half-life, liquid carrying capacity, and self-defoaming ability. The experimental findings indicate that TS-1 and ESAB exhibit favorable foaming performance and stability under the conditions of 90°C temperature, 20 × 104mg / L salinity, and 40% condensate oil content after a 1:1 mixture. Additionally, they are capable of undergoing phase transition within the temperature range of 12 to 15.2°C. The Waring blender stirring method resulted in the foaming agent solution, which had a concentration of 3g/L, reaching a volume of 487 mL. The foam's half-life was 20 minutes, and the liquid carrying rate was 91.7%. After a duration of 20 minutes, the rate of self-defoaming was 81.6%. The addition of the self-developed synergist facilitated the defoaming process, which was successfully accomplished within a time frame of 10 minutes. Moreover, the self-defoaming rate achieved a remarkable 100%. The foam drainage agent system may autonomously react to variations in ambient temperature and achieve phase transition behavior through temperature stimulation. This is accomplished by utilizing the natural temperature difference between the bottom hole and the wellhead during foam drainage gas recovery operations. This innovation presents a novel concept for the foam drainage agent used in recovering drainage gas. It simplifies the operation of gas recovery in oil and gas wells, reduces the expenses associated with foam drainage in oil wells, and offers a solution for enhancing cost-effectiveness and efficiency in the oil and gas industry. It holds immense theoretical and practical importance.

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Study on Surfactants for the Removal of Water from Deliquification Natural Gas Wells to Enhance Production

Kluk,

Steliga,

Bęben

et al. 2024

Energies

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A major problem in natural gas production is the waterlogging of gas wells. This problem occurs at the end of a well’s life when the reservoir pressure becomes low and the gas velocity in the well tubing is no longer sufficient to bring the gas-related fluids (water and gas condensate) up to the surface. This causes water to accumulate at the bottom of the gas well, which can seriously reduce or even stop gas production altogether. This paper presents a study of the foaming of reservoir water using foaming sticks with the trade names BioLight 30/380, BioCond 30, BioFoam 30, BioAcid 30/380, and BioCond Plus 30/380. The reservoir waters tested came from near-well separators located at three selected wells that had undergone waterlogging and experienced a decline in natural gas production. They were characterised by varying physical and chemical parameters, especially in terms of mineralisation and oil contaminant content. Laboratory studies on the effect of foaming agents on the effectiveness of foaming and lifting of reservoir water from the well were carried out on a laboratory bench, simulating a natural gas-producing column using surfactant doses in the range of 1.5–5.0 g/m3 and measuring the surface tension of the water, the volume of foam generated as a function of time and the foamed reservoir water. The performance criterion for the choice of surfactant for the test water was its effective lifting in a foam structure from an installation, simulating a waterlogged gas well and minimising the dose of foaming agent introduced into the water. The results obtained from the laboratory tests allowed the selection of effective surfactants in the context of foaming and uplift of reservoir water from wells, where a decline in natural gas production was observed as a result of their waterlogging. In the next stage, well tests were carried out based on laboratory studies to verify their effectiveness under conditions typical for the production site. Tests carried out at natural gas wells showed that the removal of water from the bottom of the well resulted in an increase in natural gas production, ranging from 56.3% to 79.6%. In practice, linking the results of laboratory tests for the type and dosage of foaming agents to the properties of reservoir water and gas production parameters made it possible to identify the types of surfactants and their dosages that improve the production of a given type of natural gas reservoir in an effective manner, resulting in an increase in the degree of depletion of hydrocarbon deposits.

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Research Progress on New Highly Efficient Foam Drainage Agents for Gas Wells (A Review)

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Study on Dynamic Liquid-Carrying Process of Foaming Agent and Establishment of Mathematical Model

Study on Dynamic Liquid-Carrying Process of Foaming Agent and Establishment of Mathematical Model

Research and Development of New Intelligent Foaming and Discharging Agent System

Study on Surfactants for the Removal of Water from Deliquification Natural Gas Wells to Enhance Production

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