Research progress on the design and performance of porous titanium alloy bone implants

Song, Changhui; Li, Lisha; Deng, Zhengtai; Lei, Haoyang; Yuan, Fu‐Zhen; Yang, Yongqiang; Li, Yueyue; Yu, Jia-Kuo

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.01.155

Cited by 65 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…To overcome these challenges, researchers are continuously exploring innovative strategies to minimize the risk of stress shielding and improve the longevity and success of implants [12,13]. One potential solution is the use of materials with lower Young's modulus, such as porous Ti, which could provide a better match with the bone and reduce the risk of implant failure [14,15]. Porous Ti has become increasingly important in modern dentistry due to its low Young's modulus, strong biocompatibility, great corrosion resistance, and highly interconnected porous structure to aid osseointegration [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Investigation of Patient-Specific Porous Dental Implants: A Finite Element Study

2023

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The design of the implant and osseointegration play an important role in the long-term stability of implants. This study aims to investigate the impact of porous implants on full and partial osseointegration in varying bone qualities. Finite element models of porous implants were modeled and assembled with normal and weak bones considering full and partial osseointegration. These assemblies were simulated under an occlusal load of 200 N when the outer surfaces of bones were fixed in all directions. The results showed that in the case of full osseointegration, the stresses in surrounding bones were increased with decreasing implant stiffness, while decreased in partial osseointegration. Moreover, the maximum octahedral shear strain in the weak bone exceeded 3000 µε in all the cases but decreased (from 7256 to 3632 µε) with decreasing implant stiffness. According to the mechanostat hypothesis, using porous implants in normal bone may enhance bone density in full osseointegration, while susceptivity of bone damage may reduce in weak bones using porous implants. Thus, careful selection of implant material and design based on the patient’s specific bone quality is crucial for successful outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Investigation of Patient-Specific Porous Dental Implants: A Finite Element Study

2023

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“…The surface behaviors of CP Ti are equally as essential as the mechanical properties when assessing the biological function of implants [ 30 , 31 ]. The surface of CP Ti has been modified using techniques such as micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in order to increase its bioactivity and biocompatibility [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Pure Titanium’s Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes

Alemayehu,

Todoh,

Hsieh

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Pure titanium is limited to be used in biomedical applications due to its lower mechanical strength compared to its alloy counterpart. To enhance its properties and improve medical implants feasibility, advancements in titanium processing technologies are necessary. One such technique is equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) for its severe plastic deformation (SPD). This study aims to surface modify commercially pure titanium using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) or plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technologies, and mineral solutions containing Ca and P. The composition, metallography, and shape of the changed surface were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), digital optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. A microhardness test is conducted to assess each sample’s mechanical strength. The weight % of Ca and P in the coating was determined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the corrosion resistance was evaluated through potentiodynamic measurement. The behavior of human dental pulp cell and periodontal cell behavior was also studied through a biomedical experiment over a period of 1-, 3-, and 7-days using culture medium, and the cell death and viability can be inferred with the help of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) since it can detect proteins or biomarkers secreted by cells undergoing apoptosis or necrosis. This study shows that the mechanical grain refinement method and surface modification might improve the mechanical and biomechanical properties of commercially pure (CP) titanium. According to the results of the corrosion loss measurements, 2PassMAO had the lowest corrosion rate, which is determined to be 0.495 mmpy. The electrode potentials for the 1-pass and 2-pass coated samples are 1.44 V and 1.47 V, respectively. This suggests that the coating is highly effective in reducing the corrosion rate of the metallic CP Ti sample. Changes in the grain size and the presence of a high number of grain boundaries have a significant impact on the corrosion resistance of CP Ti. For ECAPED and surface-modified titanium samples in a 3.6% NaCl electrolyte solution, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) properties are similar to Nyquist and Bode plot fitting. In light of ISO 10993-5 guidelines for assessing in vitro cytotoxicity, this study contributes valuable insights into pulp and periodontal cell behavior, focusing specifically on material cytotoxicity, a critical factor determined by a 30% decrease in cell viability.

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“…A study [100] found that LPBF-produced porous implants with pore sizes of 500-700 μm and porosity of 60% ÷ 70 % exhibited the best bone integration. Such implants have a structure and performance similar to human cancellous bone.…”

Section: Personalized Medical Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization potentials of laser powder bed fusion: A conceptual approach

Strutz,

Samardžić,

Šimunović

2023

FME Transactions

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Additive manufacturing (AM), more specifically laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), has become increasingly important for the production of complex components. Despite recent improvements, issues with process parameter optimization, multi-material approaches, CAx chain, adaption for automated mass production, automated process planning, and quality control are still major concerns. So far, despite growing interest, the technology has not yet made the leap into everyday and large-scale use. The use of artificial intelligence offers opportunities to solve many of these problems and improve LPBF technology. In this paper, these topics are addressed to give the reader a holistic overview of the potential for optimization. The individual topics are not only explained and supported with example products from various industries but also evaluated in terms of cost-effectiveness and quality improvement. By evaluating the potentials, restrictions, and recommendations, a framework is created for further investigation and practical application of optimization approaches.

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Research progress on the design and performance of porous titanium alloy bone implants

Cited by 65 publications

References 84 publications

Biomechanical Investigation of Patient-Specific Porous Dental Implants: A Finite Element Study

Biomechanical Investigation of Patient-Specific Porous Dental Implants: A Finite Element Study

Improving Pure Titanium’s Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes

Optimization potentials of laser powder bed fusion: A conceptual approach

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