Research progress on the protective effects of aucubin in neurological diseases

Yang, Ping; Zhang, Qiaoyue; Shen, Hengyan; Bai, Xinyu; Liu, Ping; Zhang, Tao

doi:10.1080/13880209.2022.2074057

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The aqueous extract of EUO has been demonstrated to have a cartilage-protecting effect in a rat model of osteoarthritis, potentially by inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis and improving cartilage metabolism (35). Aucubin (AU), an iridoid glycoside that is an active constituent of EUO, has been extensively studied for the management of neurological diseases (36). However, a comprehensive review of its effects and mechanisms is currently unavailable.…”

Section: Molecular Docking Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis with comorbid depression based on bioinformatics analysis

Zhou

Sun²,

Tang³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and depression are prevalent diseases that have a negative impact on the quality of life and place a significant economic burden on society. There is increasing evidence that the two diseases are closely related, which could make the disease outcomes worse. In this study, we aimed to identify diagnostic markers and analyzed the therapeutic potential of key genes.MethodsWe assessed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific for RA and Major depressive disorder (MDD) and used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify co-expressed gene modules by obtaining the Gene expression profile data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. By using the STRING database, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network constructed and identified key genes. We also employed two types of machine learning techniques to derive diagnostic markers, which were assessed for their association with immune cells and potential therapeutic effects. Molecular docking and in vitro experiments were used to validate these analytical results.ResultsIn total, 48 DEGs were identified in RA with comorbid MDD. The PPI network was combined with WGCNA to identify 26 key genes of RA with comorbid MDD. Machine learning-based methods indicated that RA combined with MDD is likely related to six diagnostic markers: AURKA, BTN3A2, CXCL10, ERAP2, MARCO, and PLA2G7. CXCL10 and MARCO are closely associated with diverse immune cells in RA. However, apart from PLA2G7, the expression levels of the other five genes were associated with the composition of the majority of immune cells in MDD. Molecular docking and in vitro studies have revealed that Aucubin (AU) exerts the therapeutic effect through the downregulation of CXCL10 and BTN3A2 gene expression in PC12 cells.ConclusionOur study indicates that six diagnostic markers were the basis of the comorbidity mechanism of RA and MDD and may also be potential therapeutic targets. Further mechanistic studies of the pathogenesis and treatment of RA and MDD may be able to identify new targets using these shared pathways.

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Section: Molecular Docking Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis with comorbid depression based on bioinformatics analysis

Zhou

Sun²,

Tang³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…Ten grams of EUSD was accurately weighed and transferred to a flask, and then the DES solvent was added. The effect of the DES composition molar ratio (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4), liquid−solid ratio (10,20,30,40,50, and 60 mL/g), water percentage (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%), extraction temperature (298. 15, 308.15, 318.15, 328.15, and 338.15 K), and time (30,60,90, and 120 min) on the aucubin yield was designed to test and analyze.…”

Section: Preparation Of Natural Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eucommia ulmoides (E. ulmoides) has a history of more than 2000 years in China as a traditional Chinese medicine. − It has a wide range of biological activities, including antihypertensive, , antiobesity, , antioxidative, , and anti-inflammatory , effects to strengthen the human immune and internal systems. E.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eucommia ulmoides (E. ulmoides) has a history of more than 2000 years in China as a traditional Chinese medicine. 1−3 It has a wide range of biological activities, including antihypertensive, 4,5 antiobesity, 6,7 antioxidative, 8,9 and anti-inflammatory 10,11 effects to strengthen the human immune and internal systems. E. ulmoides seed-draff (EUSD) waste biomass is the oily residue of the E. ulmoides seeds (EUS) after oil extraction; it can be extracted as aucubin (AU) as a high-value natural product rather than discarded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction and Purification of Aucubin from Eucommia ulmoides Seed Draff in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Macroporous Resins

Liao,

Chen,

Tang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Aucubin (AU) is an active ingredient that exerts strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the treatment of several diseases. In order to improve the efficiency of resource utilization of traditional biomass waste, Eucommia ulmoides seeddraff (EUSD) waste biomass was used as the raw material, and a series of deep eutectic solvents were selected to evaluate the extraction efficiency of aucubin from EUSD. A response surface experiment was designed based on a single-factor experiment to optimize the extract conditions. The results showed that the best conditions for aucubin extraction were an HBD−HBA ratio of 2.18, a liquid−solid ratio of 46.92 mL/g, a water percentage of 37.95%, a temperature of 321.03 K, and an extraction time of 59.55 min. The maximum amount of aucubin was 156.4 mg/g, which was consistent with the theoretical value (156.8 mg/g). Then, the performance of 12 resins for adsorption and desorption was contrasted. The results revealed that HPD950 resin exhibited the best performance, with an adsorption capacity of 95.2% and a desorption capacity of 94.3%. Additionally, the pseudo-second-order model provided the best match to the kinetics data, the Langmuir model provided the best fit to the isotherm data, and adsorption was a beneficial, spontaneous, exothermic, and physical process. In the recyclability test, the HPD950 resin had great potential and excellent sustainability in aucubin recovery. In the antioxidant activity study, the aucubin extract exerted a strong antioxidant ability with scavenging capabilities for four free radicals. Furthermore, the antifungal activity study found that the aucubin extract exhibited a good antifungal effect against 5 tested pathogens. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the extraction of high-value components from waste biomass by deep eutectic solvent and a certain application value for the development and utilization of natural aucubin products.

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“…Depression is a kind of mental disorder with the core symptom of being down in spirits, which is associated with the features of high morbidity, high disease burden, and high disability rate. The existing mainstream hypotheses of depression include monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis, immune‐inflammation hypothesis, stress hypothesis, and neuroplasticity hypothesis (Xue et al, 2022; Yang et al, 2022). Typically, the immune‐inflammation hypothesis has been a hotspot in recent research on depression pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIPK2 mediates M1 polarization of microglial cells via STAT3: A new mechanism of depression‐related neuroinflammation

Han

Pei

Sheng

et al. 2023

Journal Cellular Physiology

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This study aimed to investigate the role of protein kinase HIPK2 in depression and its associated mechanism. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUSM) model was constructed to simulate mice with depression to detect the mouse behaviors. Moreover, by using mouse microglial cells BV2 as the model. After conditional knockdown of HIPK2, the depressive behavior disorder of mice was improved, meanwhile, neuroinflammation was alleviated, and the M1 cell proportion was reduced. Similar results were obtained after applying the HIPK2 inhibitor tBID or ASO‐HIPK2 treatment. HIPK2 was overexpressed in BV2 cells, which promoted M1 polarization of cells, while tBID suppressed the effect of HIPK2 and reduced the M1 polarized level in BV2 cells. Pull‐down assay results indicated that HIPK2 bound to STAT3 and promoted STAT3 phosphorylation. We found that HIPK2 can bind to STAT3 to promote its phosphorylation, which accelerates M1 polarization of microglial cells, aggravates the depressive neuroinflammation, and leads to abnormal behaviors. HIPK2 is promising as the new therapeutic target of depression.

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Research progress on the protective effects of aucubin in neurological diseases

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis with comorbid depression based on bioinformatics analysis

Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis with comorbid depression based on bioinformatics analysis

Extraction and Purification of Aucubin from Eucommia ulmoides Seed Draff in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Macroporous Resins

HIPK2 mediates M1 polarization of microglial cells via STAT3: A new mechanism of depression‐related neuroinflammation

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