Research Techniques Made Simple: Animal Models of Wound Healing

Grada, Ayman; Mervis, Joshua S.; Falanga, Vincent

doi:10.1016/j.jid.2018.08.005

Cited by 228 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Although studies have examined the tumorigenic potential of cells injected directly into murine tissues, no study to date has examined this potential after cutaneous application of hiPSC. Thus, further animal studies to evaluate the safety and efficacy of iPSC are crucial prior to their translation into humans, including large animal models that more closely mimic human skin [86]. Lastly, since the therapeutic potential of hiPSC appears to be mainly driven by their paracrine effects, the role of extracellular vesicles, which entirely eliminate tumorigenic potential, should be understood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cells to achieve wound healing

et al. 2019

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Wound healing is the physiologic response to a disruption in normal skin architecture and requires both spatial and temporal coordination of multiple cell types and cytokines. This complex process is prone to dysregulation secondary to local and systemic factors such as ischemia and diabetes that frequently lead to chronic wounds. Chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers are epidemic with great cost to the healthcare system as they heal poorly and recur frequently, creating an urgent need for new and advanced therapies. Stem cell therapy is emerging as a potential treatment for chronic wounds, and adult-derived stem cells are currently employed in several commercially available products; however, stem cell therapy is limited by the need for invasive harvesting techniques, immunogenicity, and limited cell survival in vivo. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are an exciting cell type with enhanced therapeutic and translational potential. iPSC are derived from adult cells by in vitro induction of pluripotency, obviating the ethical dilemmas surrounding the use of embryonic stem cells; they are harvested non-invasively and can be transplanted autologously, reducing immune rejection; and iPSC are the only cell type capable of being differentiated into all of the cell types in healthy skin. This review focuses on the use of iPSC in animal models of wound healing including limb ischemia, as well as their limitations and methods aimed at improving iPSC safety profile in an effort to hasten translation to human studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cells to achieve wound healing

et al. 2019

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“…So, to further demonstrate the clinical relevance of cell-free therapies, more homogeneous in vivo studies in animal models are required to better define the effects of ASC-secretome on different phases of cutaneous wound repair. In this regard, the recent article of Grada et al [89] appears particularly useful because it exhaustively describes the advantages and disadvantages of animal models of acute healing or impaired healing developed to study the intricated cellular and biochemical processes of wound repair, and to assess the efficacy and safety of potential innovative therapies. The authors, while aware of the importance of animal models and the valuable information they can provide us, rightly emphasize the importance of knowing the peculiarities of each animal model to assess its merits and limitations based on the experimental objectives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretome of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) as a Novel Trend in Chronic Non-Healing Wounds: An Overview of Experimental In Vitro and In Vivo Studies and Methodological Variables

Lombardi

Palumbo

Augello

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Wound healing is a complex process with a linear development that involves many actors in a multistep timeline commonly divided into four stages: Hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Chronic non-healing wounds fail to progress beyond the inflammatory phase, thus precluding the next steps and, ultimately, wound repair. Many intrinsic or extrinsic factors may contribute to such an occurrence, including patient health conditions, age-related diseases, metabolic deficiencies, advanced age, mechanical pressure, and infections. Great interest is being focused on the adipose tissue-derived stem cell’s (ASC) paracrine activity for its potential therapeutic impact on chronic non-healing wounds. In this review, we summarize the results of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies on the pro-wound healing effects of ASC-secretome and/or extracellular vesicles (EVs). To define an overall picture of the available literature data, experimental conditions and applied methodologies are described as well as the in vitro and in vivo models chosen in the reported studies. Even if a comparative analysis of the results obtained by the different groups is challenging due to the large variability of experimental conditions, the available findings are undoubtedly encouraging and fully support the use of cell-free therapies for the treatment of chronic non-healing wounds.

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“…This includes challenging mice with exogenous agents such as microbes or chemicals. Examples of dermatologic challenge assays that could be conducted include wound healing (Grada et al, 2018) and chemically induced psoriasis (Hawkes et al, 2018), which were recently featured in this Research Techniques Made Simple series. These two models share features with the intestinal dextran sulfate sodium injury model, which is one of the more fruitful assays in our Figure 3.…”

Section: Phenotypic Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Techniques Made Simple: Forward Genetic Screening to Uncover Genes Involved in Skin Biology

McAlpine

Russell

Murray

et al. 2019

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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The primary goals of modern genetics are to identify disease-causing mutations and to define the functions of genes in biological processes. Two complementary approaches, reverse and forward genetics, can be used to achieve this goal. Reverse genetics is a gene-driven approach that comprises specific gene targeting followed by phenotypic assessment. Conversely, forward genetics is a phenotype-driven approach that involves the phenotypic screening of organisms with randomly induced mutations followed by subsequent identification of the causative mutations (i.e., those responsible for phenotype). In this article, we focus on how forward genetics in mice can be used to explore dermatologic disease. We outline mouse mutagenesis with the chemical N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea and the strategy used to instantaneously identify mutations that are causative of specific phenotypes. Furthermore, we summarize the types of phenotypic screens that can be performed to explore various aspects of dermatologic disease.

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Research Techniques Made Simple: Animal Models of Wound Healing

Cited by 228 publications

References 51 publications

The potential and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cells to achieve wound healing

The potential and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cells to achieve wound healing

Secretome of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) as a Novel Trend in Chronic Non-Healing Wounds: An Overview of Experimental In Vitro and In Vivo Studies and Methodological Variables

Research Techniques Made Simple: Forward Genetic Screening to Uncover Genes Involved in Skin Biology

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