Research Trends in Plasticizer Production

Langer, E.; Bortel, K.; Waśkiewicz, Sylwia; Lenartowicz-Klik, Marta

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-46200-6.00004-0

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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Section: Biobased Succinic Acid Related To Bioplasticizermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biobased SA and its derivatives such as diesters succinate 112,113 SA alkyl ester, 114 PBS, 115 n ‐alkenyl succinic anhydrides, 116 di‐ n ‐heptyl succinate, 78 and PBS adipate 117 had been explored as plasticizers. Most succinate‐based plasticizers demonstrated good plasticizing efficiency and biodegradability 113 . A novel class of fully renewably sourced SA plasticizer (di‐ n ‐heptyl succinate) was recently developed by Elsiwi et al, 78 which synthesized via catalyzed esterification from bio‐SA and castor oil (Figure 11).…”

Section: Biobased Succinic Acid Related To Bioplasticizermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developments of biobased plasticizers for compostable polymers in the green packaging applications: A review

Alhanish

Ghalia

2021

Biotechnology Progress

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The demand for biobased materials for various end‐uses in the bioplastic industry is substantially growing due to increasing awareness of health and environmental concerns, along with the toxicity of synthetic plasticizers such as phthalates. This fact has stimulated new regulations requiring the replacement of synthetic conventional plasticizers, particularly for packaging applications. Biobased plasticizers have recently been considered as essential additives, which may be used during the processing of compostable polymers to enormously boost biobased packaging applications. The development and utilization of biobased plasticizers derived from epoxidized soybean oil, castor oil, cardanol, citrate, and isosorbide have been broadly investigated. The synthesis of biobased plasticizers derived from renewable feedstocks and their impact on packaging material performance have been emphasized. Moreover, the effect of biobased plasticizer concentration, interaction, and compatibility on the polymer properties has been examined. Recent developments have resulted in the replacement of synthetic plasticizers by biobased counterparts. Particularly, this has been the case for some biodegradable thermoplastics‐based packaging applications.

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Section: Biobased Succinic Acid Related To Bioplasticizermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biobased Succinic Acid Related To Bioplasticizermentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments of biobased plasticizers for compostable polymers in the green packaging applications: A review

Alhanish

Ghalia

2021

Biotechnology Progress

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“…In recent years, several new plasticizers have appeared on the market, many of them based on renewable resources [ 18 ]. A typical example of a bioplasticizer that is commonly used in industrial practice is epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective, Environmentally Friendly PVC Plasticizers Based on Succinic Acid

et al. 2022

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The plasticizers used in this study were synthesized from renewable raw materials using succinic acid, oleic acid, and propylene glycol. Four environmentally friendly plasticizer samples were obtained; their chemical structures and compositions were confirmed by gas chromatography (GC) and infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) analyses, and their physicochemical properties and thermal stability (TGA analysis) were investigated. The obtained ester mixtures were used as poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticizers and their plasticization efficiency was determined in comparison to traditional, commercially available phthalate plasticizers, such as DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl phthalate) and DINP (diisononyl phthalate). Mechanical properties and migration resistance were determined for soft PVC with the use of three concentrations of plasticizers (40 PHR, 50 PHR, and 60 PHR). It was observed that the obtained plasticizers exhibited the same plasticization efficiency and were characterized with good mechanical and physical properties in comparison to commercial plasticizers. The tensile strength was approx. 19 MPa, while the elongation at break was approx. 250% for all tested plasticizers at a concentration of 50 PHR. Furthermore, plasticizer migration studies showed that the synthesized plasticizers had excellent resistance to plasticizer leaching. The best migration test result obtained was 70% lower than that for DEHP or DINP. The ester mixture that was found to be the most favorable plasticizer was characterized by good thermal and thermo-oxidative stability (5% weight loss temperature: 227.8 °C in air and 261.1 °C in nitrogen). The results of the research clearly indicate that the synthesized esters can provide a green alternative to toxic phthalate plasticizers.

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“…Accordingly, research is focused on the study of plasticizers that exhibit less migration from the polymer matrix and that do not exhibit toxicity but have equally good properties as DEHP. Based on literature and patent analyses, three main approaches in the synthesis of new plasticizers can be distinguished, namely: non‐phthalate plasticizers produced from petrochemical raw materials (adipates, sebacates, azelates, trimellitate esters, phosphoric acid esters, carboxylates, benzoates, sulfonates esters), plasticizers manufactured from renewable raw materials and use of so‐called polymeric plasticizers whose migration is limited 3 . Plasticizers based on natural raw materials, in particular vegetable oils, which are characterized by non‐toxicity and low migration, have proved to be a promising alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on literature and patent analyses, three main approaches in the synthesis of new plasticizers can be distinguished, namely: nonphthalate plasticizers produced from petrochemical raw materials (adipates, sebacates, azelates, trimellitate esters, phosphoric acid esters, carboxylates, benzoates, sulfonates esters), plasticizers manufactured from renewable raw materials and use of so-called polymeric plasticizers whose migration is limited. 3 Plasticizers based on natural raw materials, in particular vegetable oils, which are characterized by non-toxicity and low migration, have proved to be a promising alternative. Vegetable oils due to the fact that: (1) have fatty chains that can intersperse and intercalate between the matrix chains of the plasticized polymer by increasing intermolecular distances, and (2) have ester groups that can interact with polymer chains (e.g., by van der Waals interactions) increasing the compatibility of the polymer-plasticizer system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and study of properties of new oligoesters based on soybean oil as potential poly(vinyl chloride) plasticizers

Waskiewicz,

Langer,

Tannenberg

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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New compounds as potential poly(vinyl chloride) plasticizers based on soybean oil and oligoesters of adipic acid and different glycols by one‐pot transesterification are synthesized. In the first step of the plasticizer synthesis oligoesters of adipic acid and diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, or dipropylene glycol are synthesized, and then in situ in the second step, a defined amount of soybean oil is introduced. By degradation of soybean oil with oligoesters, and transesterification reaction, different compounds are obtained. Their physicochemical properties are determined by NMR, SEC, DSC, TGA, and volatility analyses. The properties of synthesized plasticizers are compared with commercial products: monomeric (DEHP) and aliphatic oligoster of adipic acid and 1,3‐butanediol (H‐1).

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Research Trends in Plasticizer Production

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Developments of biobased plasticizers for compostable polymers in the green packaging applications: A review

Developments of biobased plasticizers for compostable polymers in the green packaging applications: A review

Effective, Environmentally Friendly PVC Plasticizers Based on Succinic Acid

Synthesis and study of properties of new oligoesters based on soybean oil as potential poly(vinyl chloride) plasticizers

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