Research Trends on the Application of Electrolyzed Water in Food Preservation and Sanitation

Yan, Pianpian; Chelliah, Ramachandran; Jo, Kyoung hee; Oh, Deog Hwan

doi:10.3390/pr9122240

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Their strong oxidizing nature is capable of rapidly disrupting the membrane components of bacteria causing unrepairable damage to the cell, and their relatively low cost of production and easiness of application, make them one of the most used disinfectants ( Simpson and Mitch, 2021 ). Nevertheless, these chemicals have been an object of debate since their use has several drawbacks such as the limited action of the active forms, the release of chemical residues after treatment that can be combined with organic compounds forming toxic organochlorines, the generation of adverse effects to the organoleptic properties of food products and corrosion of industrial equipment, among others ( Cap, 1996 ; Yan et al, 2021 ). Thus, NEW has been proposed as a cost-effective product for biofilm eradication ( Vázquez-Sánchez et al, 2014 ; Rahman et al, 2016 ) since it has several advantages with respect to acidic or basic electrolyzed water, such as pH close to neutrality (6.5–7.5) and ORP values around 900 mV with the consequent lower metal corrosion risk of the equipment and more environmentally friendly than hypochlorite-based sanitizers ( Arevalos-Sánchez et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architectural Features and Resistance to Food-Grade Disinfectants in Listeria monocytogenes-Pseudomonas spp. Dual-Species Biofilms

2022

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Listeria monocytogenes is considered a foodborne pathogen of serious concern capable of forming multispecies biofilms with other bacterial species, such as Pseudomonas spp., adhered onto stainless steel (SS) surfaces. In an attempt to link the biofilms’ morphology and resistance to biocides, dual-species biofilms of L. monocytogenes, in co-culture with either Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, or Pseudomonas putida, were assayed to ascertain their morphological characteristics and resistance toward benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and neutral electrolyzed water (NEW). Epifluorescence microscopy analysis revealed that each dual-species biofilm was distributed differently over the SS surface and that these differences were attributable to the presence of Pseudomonas spp. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) assays demonstrated that despite these differences in distribution, all biofilms had similar maximum thicknesses. Along with this, colocalization analyses showed a strong trend of L. monocytogenes to share location within the biofilm with all Pseudomonas assayed whilst the latter distributed throughout the surface independently of the presence of L. monocytogenes, a fact that was especially evident in those biofilms in which cell clusters were present. Finally, a modified Gompertz equation was used to fit biofilms’ BAC and NEW dose-response data. Outcomes demonstrated that L. monocytogenes was less susceptible to BAC when co-cultured with P. aeruginosa or P. fluorescens, whereas susceptibility to NEW was reduced in all three dual-species biofilms, which can be attributable to both the mechanism of action of the biocide and the architectural features of each biofilm. Therefore, the results herein provided can be used to optimize already existing and develop novel target-specific sanitation treatments based on the mechanism of action of the biocide and the biofilms’ species composition and structure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architectural Features and Resistance to Food-Grade Disinfectants in Listeria monocytogenes-Pseudomonas spp. Dual-Species Biofilms

2022

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“…The seeds are in seminal rest until the best medium allows for germination. The cultivation of microgreens requires an ample supply of neutral to slightly acidic water [44,60]. Seeds of some varieties are soaked overnight to enhance germination.…”

Section: Obtaining the Microgreens Seedlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trial Protocol for Evaluating Platforms for Growing Microgreens in Hydroponic Conditions

Moraru

Rusu

Mintaș

2022

Foods

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The hydroponic production of microgreens has potential to develop, at both an industrial, and a family level, due to the improved production platforms. The literature review found numerous studies which recommend procedures, parameters and best intervals for the development of microgreens. This paper aims to develop, based on the review of the literature, a set of procedures and parameters, included in a test protocol, for hydroponically cultivated microgreens. Procedures and parameters proposed to be included in the trial protocol for evaluating platforms for growing microgreens in hydroponic conditions are: (1) different determinations: in controlled settings (setting the optimal ranges) and in operational environments settings (weather conditions in the area/testing period); (2) procedures and parameters related to microgreen growth (obtaining the microgreens seedling, determining microgreen germination, measurements on the morphology of plants, microgreens harvesting); (3) microgreens production and quality (fresh biomass yield, dry matter content, water use efficiency, bioactive compound analysis, statistical analysis). Procedures and parameters proposed in the protocol will provide us with the evaluation information of the hydroponic platforms to ensure: number of growing days to reach desired size; yield per area, crop health, and secondary metabolite accumulation.

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“…EW and SAEW represent significant technological advancements with versatile applications. Their unique properties, encompassing broad-spectrum activity, low toxicity, environmental compatibility, user-friendliness, and usability, make these solutions effective disinfectants and preferred choices in ensuring food safety and sanitation [ 2 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis on the Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water Triggered Viable but Non-Culturable Listeria monocytogenes

Chang,

Gui,

Huang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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This study undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the impact of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on Listeria monocytogenes, a common foodborne pathogen, with a particular focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. Given the widespread application of SAEW as an effective disinfectant in the food industry, uncovering these molecular pathways is crucial for improving food safety measures. We employed tandem mass tags (TMT), labeling proteomic techniques and LC-MS/MS to identify differentially expressed proteins under two doses of SAEW conditions. We indicated 203 differential expressed proteins (DEPs), including 78 up-regulated and 125 down-regulated DEPs. The functional enrichment analysis of these proteins indicated that ribosomes, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were enriched functions affected by SAEW. Further, we delved into the role of protein chlorination, a potential consequence of reactive chlorine species generated during the SAEW production process, by identifying 31 chlorinated peptides from 22 proteins, with a dominant sequence motif of Rxxxxx[cY] and functionally enriched in translation. Our findings suggest that SAEW might prompt alterations in the protein translation process and trigger compensatory ribosome biosynthesis. However, an imbalance in the levels of elongation factors and AARSs could hinder recovery, leading to the VBNC state. This research carries substantial implications for food safety and sanitation, as it adds to our understanding of the SAEW-induced VBNC state in L. monocytogenes and offers potential strategies for its control.

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Research Trends on the Application of Electrolyzed Water in Food Preservation and Sanitation

Cited by 23 publications

References 136 publications

Architectural Features and Resistance to Food-Grade Disinfectants in Listeria monocytogenes-Pseudomonas spp. Dual-Species Biofilms

Architectural Features and Resistance to Food-Grade Disinfectants in Listeria monocytogenes-Pseudomonas spp. Dual-Species Biofilms

Trial Protocol for Evaluating Platforms for Growing Microgreens in Hydroponic Conditions

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis on the Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water Triggered Viable but Non-Culturable Listeria monocytogenes

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