Research Trends Using Soil Sensors for Precise Nutrient and Water Management in Soil for Smart Farm

Abstract

The imbalance of nutrient and water supply can negatively affect crop productivity and environment. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor nutrient and water status of soil and precision management of the soil is required. Soil water content can be measured using sensors such as frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) and time domain reflectometry (TDR). Tensiometer was commonly used to determine irrigation timing and amount to supply water. Organic matter in the soil can be measured using a near infrared spectrometer (NIR) sensor, which showed good correlation with soil organic matter contents. On-the-go pH sensor was used for pH mapping of soil with high resolution. Generally, organic matter and pH sensors are less used for soil based smart farm system than soil moisture sensors, but used for the characterization of soil. There are no available sensors to monitor nutrient levels in soil directly. To use ion selective electrodes, soil solution should be extracted. Instead, monitoring soil EC can be used to manage nutrients in soil since the soil EC is related to nutrients in soil solution. However, EC and nutrient availability in soil are affected by various factors such as soil water content, temperature and soil texture. Therefore, calibration of EC based on soil texture, CEC, soil organic matter, and etc. is required. Recent researches for soil based smart farm focused on wireless sensors, plant wearable sensors, and intelligent agriculture systems. Combined monitoring of environmental conditions and plant biometric information will achieve smart and precision agriculture.

Monitoring of plant-induced electrical signal of pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) according to urea fertilizer application

“…The mineral nutrients, N, P and K are known to affect growth and yield of the capsicums 8 . Therefore, soil nutrient management is an influential task since it can reduce pollution while also augmenting crop growth and yield 9 .…”

Investigation of Dielectric Measurement Model for Coconut Fiber Water Content and the Associated Factors

“…Therefore, soil water content can be indirectly obtained from relative dielectric permittivity. Soil moisture sensor technology, which utilizes timedomain or frequency-domain principles, is widely used and has become an important in situ observation tool in modern agriculture [12,13]. Physical and chemical properties such as soil texture, temperature, and salinity can influence the accuracy of the sensor [14,15].…”

Estimation of Rice Yield in Paddy Damaged by Rice Blast Using UAV Imagery

“…최근 농업 노동력 부족, 수급 불안정 등 농업 현안에 대응하기 위해 농산업 분야에 디지털 기술을 접목하여 농업경영 체의 경쟁력을 강화시키려는 노력이 증가하고 있다 (Choi and Heo, 2022). 디지털 데이터를 이용한 영농의사결정 지 원을 위해서는 농경지 및 작황에 대한 관측데이터 수집과 분석이 선행되어야 한다 (Kim, 2016;Kim and Park, 2021).…”